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Magister Artium (M.A.)
This is the first degree in Humanities and Social Sciences. This constitutes a professional qualification. In contrast to the final examination for the Diplom, the Magister examination must be taken in two main subjects, or in one main subject and two minor subjects. The regulations for examination requirements change from subject to subject and from university to university. However, an academic dissertation and oral and written examinations are always required.
Staatsprufung/Staatsexamen (State Examination)
This is conducted by the state, and not the university unlike in case of Diplom and Magister Artium examinations. The examination is bifurcated into first and second examinations during which the students have to undergo practical exposure.
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Doctorate
In principle it is possible to take a doctorate in any subject offered at a German university. A requirement for this is that the previous studies were concluded with good grades or marks.
Foreign degrees may be recognised as fulfilling the requirements for taking a doctorate. However, this is frequently the case only once other conditions have been fulfilled (for example, after a placement test (Kenntnisprufung) and successful participation in additional lectures and classes). The decision on whether the foreign degree is recognised is taken by the faculty or department.
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Also you will require the academic-scientific support and guidance of
a professor. known in Germany as a Doktorvater or Doctoral Father, who can, of course, be either male or female. It is your responsibility to find professor for your doctorate. The professor will give you a topic for your doctoral thesis, known in Germany as Dissertation and not to be confused with a dissertation in England. The Professor may also accept topic suggested by you. Through the doctorate, the professor will provide support and guidance. A professor is not obliged to accept any candidate, even if that candidate fulfils all the formal requirements.
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Taking a doctorate in Germany means engaging in research: the findings are then presented in the thesis. A doctoral thesis is an independent, written presentation which covers new academic. or scientific ground. As a doctoral candidate, you are only responsible to yourself, your science and your professor. There is no course schedule to bind or support you. Frequently, you will be able to attend collend colloquia for doctoral candidates, so called Doktorandenkolloquien, at which research findings can be presented for discussion. This can provide a useful means of checking progress and also of providing incentive.
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Apart from submitting the doctoral thesis on the topic taken from the main subject, you must also take an oral examination, known as a Rigorosum, in the main subject and in any relevant minor subjects before the doctorate can be conferred.
Everyday life: The standard of living in Germany is high and, consequently, so are the costs and expenses needed to be able to share in that standard. Although German institutions of higher education do not charge study fees, there are several costs, listed below, 'which accrue through studying. On an average, the cost of living is Euros 650 per month.
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Contribution to the Studentenwerk (Sozialgebuhren): All students contribute to the funds of Studentenwerk, a student organisation, which provides social facilities, such as the student Mensa, cafes, hostels and Sports grounds.
Health insurance: All students are subject to compulsory health insurance until completion of their 14th full semester and up to a maximum age of 30. If you are older than 30 years of age on entry to Germany, you are strongly advised to insure yourself with a private health IJ1Surance company, since health expenses in Germany are very high.
Health test: After arrival at the place of study, you are required to undergo a health test on payment of requisite fee.
Accident insurance: All students are insured against accidents at the institution of higher education or on the way to or from there by the statutory accident insurance scheme.
Travelling: Before booking your journey to the Federal Republic of Germany, you should inquire at various travel agents about price reductions and other special rates for students.
Board and lodging: The German universities Fachhochschulen do not have a campus system as is commonly found in English-speaking countries. Admission to study, therefore, does not guarantee accommodation. Students in Germany are required to find accommodation at their university town themselves.
Since the situation on the accommodation market in large cities is usually very difficult, it can be hard to find a place to live. It is best, therefore, if you travel to Germany before the beginning of the semester if possible, immediately upon receiving notification of admission, and start searching for accommodation. If you have relations or friends in the university town, you should ask these to stal1 searching for a flat or room before you arrive.
Other sources of accommodation include youth hostels and private guesthouses, student hostels, private accommodation market for yourself, Flatsharing in Wohngemeinschaften (WG). Several students often join together to rent a flat in which each has his or her own room, whilst the bathroom and kitchen are shared.
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