Genes for Protease Inhibitors, Vigna Unguiculata, Callosobrunchus Maculatus, Binary Vectors, Yield Penalty

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Home >> Plant Biotechnology and Genomics >> Genetically Modified-GM Crops and Floricultural Plants >> Genes for Protease Inhibitors

Genes for protease inhibitors

(a) Gene for cowpea trypsin inhibitor or CpTI

In cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), trypsin inhibitor (CpTI) level was shown to be responsible for its resistance to attack by the major storage pest of its seeds (i.e. bruchid beetle = Callosobrunchus maculates). CpTI was later shown to ne toxic to be variety of insects but cowpea seeds with high level of CpTI are not toxic to humans. It was, therefore, considered desirable to transfer gene(s) for CpTI for production of transgenic insect resistant plants.

A number of binary vectors were developed using Ti plasmid, where CpTI gene was joined with plasmid, where CpTI gene was joined with CaMV35S promoter, and one or more marker genes, The vector was mobilised into Agrobacterium, which was used to infect tobacco leaf discs, which led to the production of transgenic tobacco plants expressing high level of CpTi (a shown by western blotting) imparting resistance against a variety of insects.

The CpTI gene in transgenic plants is stably inherited and there is no serious ‘yield penalty’. Thus like B toxin, CpTI can also be used as a protectant against insect attack in transgenic plants. However, extensive field trails will be necessary before these transgenic plants can be released to the farmers for cultivation

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