Genes for Other Insecticidal Secondary Metabolities, Insect Attack, Biosynthetic Pathway, Transgenic Plants, Single Gene

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Genes for other insecticidal secondary metabolites

Secondary metabolites produced by plants have also been implicated in resistance to insect attack. However, biosynthesis of each of these metabolites involves a series of steps (sometimes even more than one biosynthetic pathway may be involved), each controlled by a separate gene. Furthermore, these genes are tissue specific in expression.

These features make the production of transgenic plants difficult in this case. Protease inhibitors discussed in the previous section are also secondary metabolites, but their transfer is easier, since each is single gene controlled.

The production of transgenic plants by transfer of genes for entire multi-enzyme biosynthetic pathway (or for its augmentation) has now been possible (see later for vitamin A). For this purpose not only the transfer of genes is required, but the gene expression needs to be regulated, otherwise it leads to 'yield penalty' and also to toxic effect when consumed by humans and livestock.

Defined promoter sequences are now available, which will, allow in the transgenic plants, a control over temporal and spatial expression of genes for biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites. Utilizing these facilities, transgenic plants with insect resistance due to secondary metabolites will be available in future.

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Antisense Sahh Gene for Resistance Against a Broad Spectrum of Viruses Mutant Gene for a Protein Necessary for Cell to Cell Movement of Virus in the Host Resistance Against Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens Broad Spectrum Disease Resistance Some Pathogens for Which Resistance has been Transferred in Some Crop Plants Resistance Against Abiotic Stresses Resistance Against Strees Drought Salt Heat Freezing Defense Against Water Stress Accumulation of Osmoprotectants Like Glycine Betaine Defense Against Oxidative Stress using Superoxide Dismutase sod Gene Transgenic Plants with Chilling Resistance Desaturation of Fatty Acids Improved Crop Productivity Improved Harvest Index Higher Biomass Production using Bacterial Hemoglobin Gene vhb Transgenic Plants for Hybrid Seed Production Improved Nutritional Quality Some Transgenic Plants Produced for Functional Food and Neutraceuticals Transgenic Plants for Oil Production Rapeseed and ther Oil Crops Proportion of Desired Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Pufas By Products From Oil Seed Crops Improvement of other Oil Seed Crops Altered Fatty Acid Composition in Brassica and Soybean Seed Oil Lysine Rich Transgenic Crops Canola and Soybean Crops Rich in Vitamin a Golden Rice and Golden Mustard Transgenic Crops Fortified with Iron Transgenic Plants Suitable for Transport and Long Shelf Life Transgenic Plants for Floriculture Transgenic Crops in India Transgenic Lines in Advanced Stage of Development or Field Testing in India

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