Defense Against Oxidative Stress Using Superoxide Dismutase Sod Gene, Reactive Oxygen, Non Enzymatic Components, Superoxide Dismutases

Scholarships Dictionary Visa Details Study Abroad Exam Results Online Test Jobs

	Home
Genetically Modified-GM Crops and Floricultural Plants List of Higher Plants Where Transgenic Plants have been Produced Resistane Against Biotic Stresses Herbicide Resistant Transgenic Plants Mechanism of Action of Different Herbicides and Basis of Achieving Resistance them in Transgenic Plants Detoxification or Degradation of Herbicide Complementary Systems of Insect Resistance in Crops Insect Resistant Transgenic Plants bt and Biopesticides bt Endotoxins and Their Genes Insect Resistant Plants Based on bt bt Crops as Substitute for Insecticide bt Endototoxin Cry and Their Activity Specfic Insect Species Information about Cry Genes Used for Production of Insect Resistant Transgenic Crops Managemment Strategies of bt Depolyment Genes for Protease Inhibitors Insecticidal of cpti Artifical Diets and in Transgenic Plants Gene for Alpha Amylase Inhibitor Genes for Phytocystatins Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors Genes for Other Insecticidal Secondary Metabolites Resistance Against Viral Infection Cross Protection Examples of Secondary Compounds from Legume Seeds with Demonstrated Insecticidal Properties Gene for Virus Coat or Capsid Protein cp from Positive Strand rna Viruses Genes for Resistance Against Geminiviruses Gene for Nucleocapsid n Protein from Tomato Spotted Willt Virus tswv Satellite RNA and its use for Transformation

Home >> Plant Biotechnology and Genomics >> Genetically Modified-GM Crops and Floricultural Plants >> Defense Against Oxidative Stress Using Superoxide Dismutase Sod Gene

	Defense against oxidative stress using superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene An oxidative stress is frequently experienced by plant systems, because many stress factors induce the production of reactive oxygen causing oxidative damage within the cell. Protection against this damage is achieved through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic components. Key enzymes involved in this protection are superoxide dismutases (SODs), which convert superoxide redicals, into hydrogen peroxide. Due to their metal co-factors, three classes of SODs are recognized: (i) Cu/Zn SOD (generally found in the cytosol and chloroplasts and designated as Cyt Cu/Zn SOD and ChI Cu/Zn SOD respectively), (ii) Mn SOD (generally found in mitochondria) and (iii) Fe SOD (generally found in chloroplasts).
Peroxidases and catalases operate closely with SODs for anti-oxidant defense mechanism, involving removal of H₂O₂ produced due to SODs. Inefficient removal of H₂O₂ may lead to formation of hydroxyl radicals which are most reactive of all and therefore react with DNA, proteins and lipids. (H₂O₂+O₂ ? Fe^3-+O₂+ OH). Overproduction of SOD has been shown to provide protection against (i) herbicides like 'paraquat', also called methyl viologen or Mv (a superoxide generating system); (ii) chilling stress and drought stress; and (iii) ozone damage as witnessed in tobacco and other members of Solanaceae. It was, however, noticed that enhanced SOD activity in the mitochondria had only a minor effect on ozone tolerance, while enhanced SOD activity in chloroplasts had 3 to 4 bold reduction in visible ozone injury. The most important work in this field has been done by M Van Montagu of Belgium.
Another group working on SODs is led by E. Galun from Israel. Transgenic potato and tobacco have been produced utilizing Cyt and ChI Cu/Zn SOD and Mit Mn SOD. The genes for SODs were isolated either from tomato or from Necotianaplumbaginifoliaand were integrated either in the nuclear genome or in the chloroplast /mitochondrial genomes.

	Home
Antisense Sahh Gene for Resistance Against a Broad Spectrum of Viruses Mutant Gene for a Protein Necessary for Cell to Cell Movement of Virus in the Host Resistance Against Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens Broad Spectrum Disease Resistance Some Pathogens for Which Resistance has been Transferred in Some Crop Plants Resistance Against Abiotic Stresses Resistance Against Strees Drought Salt Heat Freezing Defense Against Water Stress Accumulation of Osmoprotectants Like Glycine Betaine Defense Against Oxidative Stress using Superoxide Dismutase sod Gene Transgenic Plants with Chilling Resistance Desaturation of Fatty Acids Improved Crop Productivity Improved Harvest Index Higher Biomass Production using Bacterial Hemoglobin Gene vhb Transgenic Plants for Hybrid Seed Production Improved Nutritional Quality Some Transgenic Plants Produced for Functional Food and Neutraceuticals Transgenic Plants for Oil Production Rapeseed and ther Oil Crops Proportion of Desired Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Pufas By Products From Oil Seed Crops Improvement of other Oil Seed Crops Altered Fatty Acid Composition in Brassica and Soybean Seed Oil Lysine Rich Transgenic Crops Canola and Soybean Crops Rich in Vitamin a Golden Rice and Golden Mustard Transgenic Crops Fortified with Iron Transgenic Plants Suitable for Transport and Long Shelf Life Transgenic Plants for Floriculture Transgenic Crops in India Transgenic Lines in Advanced Stage of Development or Field Testing in India

Language >> English | Français | Español | Deutsch | Italiano | Portugues | Japanese | Korean | Sim-Chinese