Agroinfection, Gene Transfer, Agrobacterium, Phenomenon, Transgenic Plant, Monocotyledons, Virus Biology, Viral Genes, Deletion Mutations

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Gene Transfer Methods in Plants Gene Transfer Methods in Plants Introduction Target Cells for Transformation Theoretical Routes for Production of Transgenic Plants Vectors of Gene Transfer Vectors based on Ti and Ri Plasmids of Agrobacterium Structure and Function of Ti and Ri Plasmids Selectable Marker Genes in Vectors Used for Gene Transfer T-DNA Transfer Process Vectors based on Ti and Ri Plasmids Virus Vectors Transformation Techniques Using Agrobacterium Prerequisites for Production of Transgenic Plants Explants Used for Transformation Marker Genes for Selection and Scoring of Tranformed Cells/Calli or Shoots Reporter Genes Used as Scoreable Markers and their Enzyme Assays Neomycin Phosphotransferase Gene (nptII) Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase Gene (cat)

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Agroinfection and Gene Transfer
Agroinfection is a phenomenon, in which a virus infects a host as a part of T-DNA of Ti plasmid carried by Agrobacterium. Viral DNA can be integrated into the T-DNA and can be delivered into plant cells with the normal Agrobacterium T-DNA transfer process. After infection viral DNA is released to form functional virus that replicates and spreads systemically. Agroinfection may also lead to the integration of viral DNA so that transgenic plant containing integrated viral DNA can be produced.

In maize, agroinfection with maize streak virus has been demonstrated. This suggested that Agrobacteriumbased vector system can be used for genetic engineering in cereals, although ordinarily Agrobacteriumdoes not infect monocotyledons. Thus agroinfection can lead to the production of transgenic plants, even though it has no better chances of yielding transgenic cereals than does Agrobacteriuminfection alone. However, agroinfection has great potential for studies in virus biology, because it can transfer deletion mutations or even single viral genes.

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β-Glucuronidase (GUS)Gene (uidA) Luciferase Gene (lux) Green Fluorescent Protein Gene Phosphomannose Isomerase Gene (pmi) Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation in Monocots Agroinfection and Gene Transfer Physical Delivery or DNA Mediated Gene Transfer (DMGT) Chemically Stimulated DNA Uptake by Protoplasts Microinjection and Macroinjection Microprojectiles for Gene Transfer Electroporation Method for Gene Transfer Liposome Mediated Gene Transfer Calcium Phosphate Precipitation Method Transformation Using Pollen or Pollen Tube Incubation of Dry Seeds,Embryos,Tissues or Cell in DNA Transformation by Ultrasonication Removal of Selectable Marker Gene from Transgenic Plants Need for Removal of Selectable Marker Gene Genetic Systems Used for Removal of Marker Gene Examples of North American Plant Transformation Facilities Plant Transformation Facilities (PTFs)

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