Resolution Gap Differs in Maps with Genomes of Different Sizes, Centimorgan, Genomes, Molecular level, Electrophoresis

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Resolution Gap Differs in Maps with Genomes of Different Sizes
In preparing genetic RFLP maps, 1 cM (centiMorgan) is often considered to be the limit of resolution achievable without examining a very large population. At the molecular level, this limit of resolution means that 1 cM would be equal to different physical distances in organisms, with genomes of different sizes. This gap, therefore, needs to be bridged, if a gene of interest is to be approached from a linked RFLP locus, that has been mapped. Bridging of this gap has become possible due to development of techniques like pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and cloning in yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) vectors, which will enable handling of large pieces of DNA. Similarly jumping and linking libraries can be prepared, so that chromosome walking need not be followed throughout the genome to identify, locate and isolate a gene of interest.

The resolution gap as worked out in four different genomes (Shields, 1989).

Organism	Genome size (kbp)	Map length (cM)	kbp equal to 1 cm
Arabidopsis	7 × 10⁴	501	139
Tomato	7.15 × 10⁵	1,400	510
Maize	3 × 10⁶	1,400	2.140
Human	3 × 10⁶	2,700	1,108

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