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  Home >> Molecular Biology Dictionary >>Exogenote - Exponential phase

Exogenote
Chromosomal fragment homologous to an endogenote and donated to a merozygote.

Exogenous
(Gr. exe, out, beyond + genos, race, kind) Produced outside of, originating from, or due to external causes. Opposite of endogenous.

Exogenous DNA
DNA that has been derived from a source organism and has been cloned into a vector and introduced into a host cell. Also referred to as foreign DNA or heterologous DNA

Exon
1. A segment of a-eukaryotic gene that is transcribed as part of the primary transcript and is retained, after processing, with other exons to form a functional mRNA molecule. See DNA; intron; split gene; splicing.

2. Those portions of a genomic DNA sequence which WILL be represented in the final, mature mRNA. The term exon can also be used for the equivalent segments in the final RNA. Exons may include coding sequences, the 5 untranslated region or the 3' untranslated region
Exon amplification
A procedure that is used to amplify exons.

Exonuclease
1. An enzyme that digests DNA or RNA, beginning at the ends of strands. It requires a free end in order to degrade a DNA or RNA molecule. 5' exonucleases require a free 5'end and degrade the molecule in the 5'®3' direction. 3 exonucleases require a free 3' end and degrade the molecule in the opposite direction. cf endonuclease.

2. An enzyme which digests nucleic acids starting at one end. An example is Exonuclease III, which digests only double­-stranded DNA starting from the 3 end

Exonuclease III
An E. coli enzyme that removes nucleotides from the 3'­hydroxyl ends of double stranded DNA. a.k.a. exo III; exodeoxyribonuclease III.

Exotoxin
A toxin released by a bacterium into the medium in which it grow
Expected progeny difference (EPD)
The predicted performance of the future offspring of an animal for a particular trait, calculated from measurement(s) of the animal's own performance and/or the performance of one or more of its relatives, for the trait in question and/or for one or more correlated traits. Typically, the prediction is expressed as a deviation from a well-defined base population, assuming the animal in question is mated to a sample of animals whose average genetic merit equals that of the base population. The predicted performance of the offspring of the mating between any two animals is the sum of their EPDs.

Explant
A plant part aseptically excised and prepared for culture in a nutrient medium. cf donor plant.

Explantation
The removal of cells, tissues or organs of animals and plants for observation of their growth and development in appropriate culture media.

Explant donor
The source plant or mother plant from which is taken the explant used to initiate a culture. cf donor plant.

Exponential phase
The growth stage where cells undergo their maximum rate of cell division. The exponential phase follows the lag phase, and precedes the linear growth phase. See growth phases. a.k.a logarithmic phase.

 

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