Euploid
An organism or cell having a chromosome number that is an exact multiple of the monoploid (n) number. Terms used to identify different levels in an euploid series are diploid, triploid, tetraploid, and so on. cf aneuploid.

Evaluation
In AnGR: Measurement of the characteristics that are important for production and adaptation, either of individual animals or of populations, most commonly in the context of comparative evaluation of the traits of animals or of populations.

 

Evolution
The process by which the present diversity of plant and animal life arose from the earliest organisms, a process believed to have been continuing for at least 3 000 million years.
Evolutionary footprinting
One can infer which portions of a gene are important by comparing the sequence of that gene with its cognates from other species. A plot showing the regions of high conservation will presumably reflect the regions that are functional in all the test species. In theory, the more species involved in the comparison, the more stringent the result can be (i.e. the more the conserved regions will reflect truly important sequences). Care must be taken, however, to use species in which the function of the gene has not diverged excessively, or the outcome will be uninformative

Excision repair
DNA repair processes that involve the removal of a damaged or incorrect segment of DNA and its replacement by the synthesis of a new strand using the complementary strand of DNA as template.

Excrete
To transport a compound out of a cell. a.k.a. to secrete; to export.

Exit site
(E site) The ribosome binding site that contains the free tRNA prior to its release.  

Ex novo
See de novo.

Exo Ill
See ase III.

Exocrine gland
In animals, a gland that secretes through a duct. cf endocrine gland. See gland.

Exodeoxyribonuclease III
See exonuclease III.

Exogamy
The fusion of reproductive cells from distantly related or unrelated organisms, i.e., outbreeding. cf endogamy.