Rise of Chemotherapy, Role of Microorganisms, Causative Agents, Infectious Diseases, Largely Preventive

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Rise of Chemotherapy

For many years even after the discovery of the role of microorganisms as the causative agents of infectious diseases, their control was largely preventive, exclusively based on the use of vaccines and antisera, and there were no scientific approach to cure them after they had appeared in an organism. Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915), a German physician-chemist, undertook extensive studies to search synthetic chemicals having curative properties for pathogenic microorganisms and coined the term 'chemotherapy' to describe this approach to control infectious diseases.

During his research between 1880-1910 he developed almost 1000 new derivatives of an arsenical chemical, the atoxyl, and found that the derivative no.606 called salvarsan proved to be effective in treating syphilis. In this way, Paul Ehrlich, the founder of modern chemotherapy, opened a new way of chemical treatment of infectious diseases.

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