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  Home >> Inorganic Chemistry Dictionary >>Decon Process - Delocalised Bond

Cyanogen chloride
ClCN, a poisonous, colourless gas or liquid, soluble in water; used inorganic synthesis.

Cyanogens fluoride
CNF, a toxic, colourless gas, used as a tear gas.

Cyclonite
An explosive, which is obtained by nitrating methenamine with concentrated HNO3. Used in detonators, artillery shells and for blasting.

Cyclotron
A device used to accelerate the particles, e.g., protons, by passing them repeatedly through the same electric field.

Daltonide
Refers to a compound s that conforms to the laws of constant composition and multiple proportions.

Deacon process
An earlier process which was used for making chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride in air at 450ºC using a copper chloride catalyst. It was patented in 1870 by Henry Deacon (1822-76)

Deamination
The term used for abstraction or replacement of the amino group in organic substances.

Debye effect
Selective absorption of hertzian waves in dielectrics, because of apparent existence of molecular dipoles.


Decahydrate
A crystalline hydrate containing ten molecules of water per molecule of compound.

Defoliant
A chemical sprayed on plants that causes leaves to fall off prematurely. Agent organ, a defoliant, was extensively used in the Vietnam war to defoliate jungles.

Deformation energy
Refers to the energy which must be supplied to an initially spherical nucleus to give it a certain deformation in the Bohr-Wheeler Theory.

Deformation potential
Effective electric potential acting on a free electron in a metal or semiconductor resulting from a local deformation of the crystal lattice.

Degenerate
Describing different quantum states that have the same energy. For instance, the five d-orbitals, in transition-metal atom all have the same energy but different values of the magnetic quantum number m. Differences in energy occur if a magnetic field is applied or if the arrangement of electrons around the atom is not symmetrical. The degeneracy is then said to be ‘lifted’.

Degradation
A chemical reaction in which a molecule decomposes into simpler molecules, e.g., conversion of amide into amine in the presence of bromine ad alcoholic KOH.

Dehydration
A process of removing water from a substance, e.g., dehydration of ethyl alcohol in the presence of sulphuric acid.

Delocalisation
Refers to spreading out of bonding electrons in a molecule over the molecule.

Delocalised bond
(non-localised bond) a type of bonding in molecules that is occurring in addition to sigma bonding. The electrons forming the delocalised bond are no longer regarded as remaining between two atoms; i.e., the electrons is spread over the whole molecule.

Delta bonding
Lateral overlap between two orbitals e.g., d-orbitals such that there are four regions of overlap.

Delta ray
Refers to an electron or proton ejected by recoil when a rapidly moving alpha particle of other primary ionizing particle passes through matter.

Demulsification
The process of breaking the emulsion by adding an electrovte or  a material that would destroy the emulsifier. Heating freezing or centrifugation may also cause Demulsification.

 

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