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  Home >> Inorganic Chemistry Dictionary >> Covalent Compounds - Crystallisation

Copper bromide
copper forms two bromides; Cu(I) bromide and Cu(II) bromide. CuBr is pale yellow but Cu(II) bromide (CuBr2) is black and more stable. It is solid obtained by direct union of elements or boiling of hydrobromic acid with Cu(II) oxide. Used in photography as an intensifier and in organic synthesis as a brominating agent. Copper (I) bromide has zinc blend structure while copper (II) bromide is distorted cubic in which Cu (II) ions are in distorted octahedral.

Copper sulphate, CuSO4.5H2O
it is called blue vitriol (Neela Thotha). It is used as a germicide in agriculture, for electroplating, in refining of metals and as a mordant in dyeing and calico printing.

Copper sulphide
CuS, black, monoclinic or hexagonal crystals that break down at 220°C; used in paints on ship bottoms to prevent fouling.

Corundum
emery, AlsO3), a naturally occurring form of aluminium oxide that sometimes contains small amounts small amounts of iron and silicon (IV) oxide. Ruby and sapphire are impure crystalline forms. It is used in various polishes, abrasives, and grinding wheels.

Coupling
A chemical reaction in two groups or molecules join together. An example is the formation of azo compounds.

Covalent compounds
compounds which contain covalent bonds are called covalent compounds. They tend to be non-metallic and have low melting and boiling points.

Covalent hydride
a compound formed from a nonmetal and hydrogen, for example, H2S and NH3.

Crystalline
Denoting a substances that form crystals. Crystalline substances have a regular internal arrangement of atoms, even though they may not examists is geometrically regular crystals. For instance, lead (and other metals) are crystalline.

Crystalloid
It refers to those substances, which may readily pass through the semi-permeable membrane while in dissolved state (e.g. sugar, common salt etc.).

Cu
Symbol of copper, a metal element having proton number 29 and atomic mass 63.546. It is a micronutrient of plants.

Cupric arsenite or scheele’s green (CuHASO3)
It is obtained as a bright green precipitate by the interaction between ammonium arsenite and copper sulphate solution. It is used as a green pigment.

Cupric bromide
CuBr2, black prismatic crystals; used in photography as an intensifier and in organic synthesis as a brominating agent. Also known as copper bromide

Crystallisation
the process of forming crystals. When a substance cools from the gaseous or liquid state to the solid state, crystallization occurs. Crystals will also form a solution saturated with a solute.

Cupric chloride
also known as copper chloride. 1. CuCl2 yellowish brown, deliquescent powder soluble in water, alcohol, and ammonium chloride. 2. CuCl2.H2O A dihydrate or cupric chloride forming green crystals soluble in water; used as a mordant in dyeing and printing textile fabrics and in the refining of copper, gold, and silver.

Cupric chromate
CuCrO4, a yellow liquid, used as a mordant. Also known as copper chromate.

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