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  Home >> Inorganic Chemistry Dictionary >> Bismuth Oxychloride, Black Sand

Bismuth nitrate
Bi(NO3)3.5H2O, white, triclinic crystals that decompose in water; used as an astringent and antiseptic.

Bismuth oxides
Bi2O3 (Bi3+ plus alkali to give Bi(OH)3 then dehydration) is the only definite oxide. It is yellow and dissolves in acids.

Bismuth trisulphide
A black precipitate obtained by passing H2S through a solution of bismuth salt. It is insoluble in water, alkalis and ammonium sulphide.

Bismuth oxychloride
BiOCI, a white powder; in soluble in water, soluble in acid; a toxic material if ingested; used in pigment and cosmetics.

Bismuth subcarbonate
(bismuth oxycarbonate; bismuth carbonate, basic) (BiO)2CO3 or Bi2O3CO2, with one-half H2O. it is white, odourless powder; tasteless; insoluble in water and  alcohol; soluble in nitric or hydrochloric acid with effervescene. It is prepared by adding ammonium carbonate to a solution of a bismuth salt.

Bismuth Sulphate (Bi2(SO4)3)
A colourless hygroscopic crystalline substance obtained by dissolving bismuth in hot concentrated sulphuric acid and evaporating the solution to crystallization.

Bismuthates (V)
Formed from e.g., Na2O and Bi2O3). Never found pure, they are very strong oxidizing agents (e.g., Mn2+ to Mno4 – in acid solution).

Bismuth trichloride (BiCI3)
A colourless crystal that forms as bismuth oxychloride with water due to hydrolysis. Bismuth oxychloride is used as a white pigment under the name of pearl white.

Bismuth trifluoride (BiF3)
Obtained by heating bismuth trioxide, B2O3, in hydrofluoric acid

Bismuth tri-iodide(Bil3)
A grayish black substance obtained by the interaction of a soluble bismuth salt in solution. It is hydrolyzed to oxyiodide, on boiling with water.

Bismuth trioxide (Bi2O3)
A yellowish white fusible powder obtained by strongly heating bismuth, its hydroxide or carbonate or bismuthyl carbonate in air

Bisulphate
Hydrogensulphate

Bisulphate
A traditional name for hydrogen sulphite.

Bittern
The solution of slats remaining when sodium chloride gets crystallized from sea water.

Bitumen
A dark black hydrocarbon manufactured by heating coal. It is used for coating the surfaces of roads.

Biuret reaction
Substances containing two C(O)NH- groups attached to one another, or to the same N or C atom, given a violet or pink colour when treated with sodium hydroxide and copper sulphate. The reaction therefore serves as a test for biuret, oxamide, peptides and proteins.

Bivalent (divalent)
Having a valency of two.

Black cyanide
A mixture containing 45% calcium cyanide, made from calcium cyanamide by hearing it with slat and carbon.

Black powder
(blasting powder), a low explosive composed of potassium nitrate, charcoal and sulfur. Typical proportions are 75, 15 and 10%.

Black sand
A deposit of dark minerals having a high specific gravity found in stream beds and on beaches. Magnetite and limonite has been usually present, as also monazite and other minerals.
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