Single Cell Proteins SCPs from Micro Organisms,Massachussetts Institute of Technology,Microbial Biomass,Multicellular Bacteria

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Your Ad Here	Single Cell Proteins (SCPs) from Micro-organisms The term single cell protein (SCP) was coined by a group of scientists at Massachussetts Institute of Technology. (MIT) in USA in 1966. The term, as used today, is rather misleading, since it refers to not only the isolated cell protein but to 'any microbial biomass from both uni- and multicellular bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi or algae which can be used as food or feed additives'. On an average, the microbial biomass contains about 45% to 55% protein, although in some bacteria the protein content is as high as 80%. The biomass contains other essential nutrients as well, and as such it is an ideal supplement to conventional food supply.
However, in many countries, use of microbial biomass as a supplement to diet has met with scepticism because of certain psychological barriers. But even in these countries, it will play a major role via SCP feeding to animals that are consumed in the non-vegetarian diet by the humans. As compared with traditional methods of producing. proteins for food or feed, large scale production of microbial biomass has the following advantages: (i) Micro-organisms in general have a high rate of multiplication. (ii) Microbes have a high protein content. (iii) They can utilize a large number of different carbon sources, some of which are waste products. (iv) Strains with high yield and good composition can be selected, or produced relatively easily. (v) Microbial biomass production is independent of seasonal and climatic variation.
In India, at CFTRI (Centrat Food Technology Res. Institute). Mysore, research is being conducted on the use of blue green alga, Spirulinaas a supplement to diet (food and feed). The alga is cultured, dried, powdered and then used in the from of one gram tablets. It contains 60% protein, essential vitamins and unsaturated fatty acids. When fishes and children (3-12 years old) were fed on this food, encouraging results were obtained. It is, therefore hoped that Spirulinawill become an important supplement to the diet of humans and also of marine and fresh water life.
However, there are certain disadvantages also, of using microbial biomass as supplement to diet. Many micro-organisms produce toxic substances and it has to be made sure that the biomass does not contain any such substance. Sometimes the micro-organisms when taken in, lead to indigestion and allergenic reaction. The high nucleic acid in many microbial biomass products is also undesirable.

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