Biotechnology in Paper Industry,Wood Processing,Pulping,Chemical Pulping,Mechanical Pulping,Lignin

Scholarships Dictionary Visa Details Study Abroad Exam Results Online Test Jobs

	Home
Microbes and Microbial Genomics for Industry Microbial and Microbial Genomics for Industry - Introduction Isolation and Culturing of Micro-organisms Isolation Methods Sterilization and Disinfection Methods Culture Methods Production of Organic Compounds by Microbial Fermentation Ethanol Production by Microbial Fermentation Preparation of Substrate by Microbial Fermentation Acetone Butanol Production by Microbial Fermentation Gluconic Acid Production by Microbial Fermentation Some Organic Compounds Produced by Microbial Fermentation Production of Other Organic Compounds by Microbial Fermentation Production of Enzymes by Micro Organisms Activity Based Approach for Microbial Biocatalysts by Micro Organisms Production of Alpha Amylases by Micro Organisms Production of Proteases by Micro Organisms Production of Lipases by Micro Organisms

Home >> Industrial and Microbial Biotechnology >> Microbes and Microbial Genomics for Industry >> Biotechnology in Paper Industry

Your Ad Here

Biotechnology in Paper Industry
Manufacture of paper from wood involves (i) wood processing, (ii) pulping, (iii) bleaching and (iv) sheet formation. Pulping of wood (preferably from softwood with 3 to 5 mm long fibres, but rarely from hardwood with 1.5 mm long fibres) requires separation of the wood fibres from each other, which are then reformed into al sheet. The wood fibres remain glued together with the help of lignin and separation of these fibres is described as chemical pulping, when lignin is removed by degradation and is described as mechanical pulping, when fibres are mechanically teared apart. Both these methods of pulping are used.

Mechanical pulping gives higher yields and is cheap, but the quality of paper produced is relatively poor, turning yellow on exposure to sunlight. Further, the mechanical pulping requires lot of electrical energy. The chemical pulp is also subjected to bleaching, inorder to remove residual lignin leading to satisfactory increase in the brightness of paper. This bleaching step creates numerous toxic derivatives of lignin that constitute environment hazard. These difficulties can be overcome through the use of biotechnology.

	Home
Molecular Techniques for Microbial Biocatalysts Production of Antibiotics by Micro Organisms Status of the Production of Different Antibiotics in India Microbes used for Production of Antibodies Steps for Commercial Production of Antibodies Microbial Transformations Transformations of Steroids and Sterols Transformation of Sorbitol to Sorbose Transformation of Antibiotics Single Cell Proteins SCPs from Micro Organisms The SCP Process Sewage Treatment Using Microbial Systems Degradation of Sewage Methane Production Biotechnology in Paper Industry Biological Lignin Degradation Sericulture Biotechnology Silkworm Improvement Through Biotechnology Immunodiagnostic Kits for Diseases Mulberry Improvement Through Biotechnology Biohydrometallurgy and Biomineralization Mechanisms of Metal Recovery Commercial Processes for Metal Recovery Biomineralization Deposition of Metals Bacterial Biomineralization Processes Applications of Genetically Engineered Bacteria Microbial Genomics in Industry Use of Genome Analysis for Designing Vaccines and Drugs Genomics of Agricultural Microbes Plant Pathogens and Symbionts