Target Identification and Validation, High Throughput Screening, Hypothetical Targets, Vitro Cell, Cells

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Drug Discovery and Drug Designing Drug Discovery and Drug Designing Introduction Early History of Drug Discovery History of Drug Discovery Enzymes/Receptors as Drug Targets Receptors as Drug Targets Enzymes as Drug Targets Molecular Biology for Drug Discovery Recombinant Proteins and Monoclonal Antibodies as Drugs Molecular basis of Disease Processes Target Identification and Validation Combinatorial Chemistry and HTS Organic Synthesis (Combinatorial Chemistry for Drug Discovery) Target-Oriented Organic Synthesis and Retrosynthetic Analysis

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Target identification and Validation

For identification of a large number of targets mentioned above, automated' high throughput screening (HTS) is used, in which a large number of hypothetical targets are incorporated into an in vitro cell based assay, so that it is exposed to large number of compounds. The compounds that elicit a positive response in a particular assay, so that it is exposed to large number of compounds. The compounds that elicit a positive response in a are then tested in more complex models (cells, animals) in a dose dependent manner. The effect of one compound at one concentration in a test is scored as a data point and in the year 2000, these data points crossed the 50-million mark, from a level of 200,000 in early 1990s and 5-6 million in mid-1990s. The success of this new paradigm of drug discovery has been slow, but should pick up in the 21st century.

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Diversity-Oriented Organic Synthesis and Evolving Synthetic Analysis Solid Phase Synthesis for Drug Discovery Combinatorial Biocatalysis for Drug Disovery Synthesis of Bergenin Derivatives Drug Discovery in Cancer Research Microbial Genomics for New Antibiotics Genomics Drugs (Pharmacogenomics) Immunotoxins as Drugs Drug Designing Drug Designing by Blocking Enzyme Activity Drug Designing through Blocking Hormone Receptors Drug Designing through Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Synthesis Drug Designing Against Heterogeneous Targets