Some Research Activities Involving Enzymatic Synthesis, Organic Solvents, Cofactor Regeneration, Nucleotides, Immobilization

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Biocatalysis and Enzyme Biotechnology Biocatalysis and Enzyme Biotechnology - Introduction Some Research Activities Involving Enzymatic Synthesis Properties of Enzymes Parameters Affecting Enzymatic Reactions Definitions of Some Parameters used for Describing Key Properties of Enzymes Medium for Enzymes Aqueous vs Organic Solvent Selectivity of Enzymes Types of Enzymes Biomimetic Catalysts Enzymes Commonly Used in Organic Synthesis Extremozymes Cofactor Dependent Enzymes and Cofactor Regeneration Modular Enzymes Coenzymes Use of Enzymes Medical and Clinical Uses Drugs for Digestive Disorders Industrial Uses Uses of Industrial Uses Textile Industry Uses of Leather Industry Uses of Paper Industry Cellulase Free Xylanases Uses of Food Industry Isolation and Purification of Enzymes

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Some Research Activities Involving Enzymatic Synthesis

1. Development of new enzymatic reactions using designed substrates

2. Use of organic solvents instead of aqueous media for enzymatic synthesis

3. Overcoming substrate and product inhibition

4. Cofactor regeneration: NAD(P), ATP, CoA, PAPS, sugar nucleotides

5. Modification of enzyme activity and' semisynthetic enzymes

6. Enzymes immobilization and stabilization

7. Use of recombinant DNA for large-scale production of enzymes

8. Directed mutagenesis for changes in enzyme properties

9. Exploration of entirely new enzymes and the known enzymes from new species

10. Scale-up in fine chemical and pharmaceutical synthesis

11. Multienzyme systems for in situ and in vivo synthesis

12. Antibody catalysis

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Extraction of Enzymes Preparation of Crude Enzymes Purification of Enzymes Chromatography Adsorption Chromatography Ion Exchange Chromatography Gel Filtration Chromatography Affinity Chromatography Electrophoresis Immobilization of Enzymes or Whole Cells Techniques for Immobilization Adsorption Method Covalent Binding Method Cross Binding Method Some Reagents Used to Immobilize Enzymes by Cross Linking Entrapping Method Entrapping by Microencapsulation Requirements for Commercial use of Immobilized Enzyme Systems Enzyme Carrier Systems Some Applications of Immobilized Enzymes and Whole Cells Reactor Types Operating Strategy Stability of Immobilization and Protection of Immobilized EnzymesCells Some Examples of the Use of Immobilized Enzymes Cells Industrial Biocatalysis Biotransformation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids PUFAs Hydrolalse Mediated Biotransformations Oxidative Biotransformation Enzyme Engineering