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  Home >> Genetics Dictionary >> Metamorphosis - Microtubules

Metamorphosis
One or more changes in form during the life cycle of an organism, such as an amphibian or insect, in which the juvenile stages differ from the adult. An example is the transition from a tadpole to an adult frog. The term "complete metamorphosis" is applied to insects such as butterflies in which the caterpillar stage is distinct from the adult. "Incomplete metamorphosis" describes the life histories of insects such as locusts in which the young go through a series of larval stages, each of which bears similarities to the adult.

Metamorphosis in both insects an amphibians is controlled by hormones, and often involves considerable destruction of larval tissues by enzymes

Metaphase
A stage in mitosis or meiosis during which the chromosomes are aligned along the equatorial plane of the cell.
2. A stage of cell division in which condensed chromosomes line up along a central plane between the two poles of the cell.
Metazoans

All animals that are multicellular and whose cells are organized into tissues and organs. In the simplest metazoans only an inner and outer layer can be distinguished.

Metastasis
Th spread of cancer to another organ, usually through the bloodstream.

Microarray
Sets of miniaturized chemical reaction areas that may also be used to test DNA fragments, antibodies, or proteins.

Microbe
A nonscientific and very general term, with no taxonomic signification, some times used to refer to microscopic (not visible to the unaided eye) organisms. The term often refer to bacteria or viruses that cause disease or infection.

Microdeletion
A chromosome deletion too small to be visible under a microscope. May be visualized using FISH. See FISH

Microcephaly
Abnormal smallness of the head. Head circumference which is below the 3rd percentile.

Microevolution
Evolutionary changes on the small scale, such as changes in gene frequencies within a population.

Microinjection
A technique for introducing a solution of DNA into a cell using a fine microcapillary pipet.

Micronuclei
Chromosome fragments that are not incorporated into the nucleus at cell division.

Microbial genetics
Th  study of genes and gene function in  bacteria, archaea, and other microorganisms. Often used in research in the fields of bioremediation, alternative energy, and disease prevention. See also: model organisms, biotechnology, bioremediation.

Microsatellite DNA
Very short pieces of DNA that are repeated 2 to 5 times. Because of their typically high level of polymorphism, microsatellite loci are often used as genetic markers.

Microtubules
Hollow protein filaments used to make up part of the cytoskeleton, various locomotory structures, and the mitotic spindle.

 

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