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  Home >> Genetics Dictionary >>Heterochromatin - Histones

Heterochromatin
Regions of chromosomes that remain highly condensed during interphase. Heterochromatic regions do not contain active genes.
2. Chromatin that remains tightly coiled and darkly staining throughout the cell cycle.

Heteroduplex.

A double-stranded nucleic acid whose strands have different origins. This may result from a recombination event, or by the reannealing of single-stranded molecules in vitro.

Heterogametic
The sex with two different sex chromosomes (males in mammals, because they are XY). Compare with homogametic. The sex that produces gametes containing unlike sex chromosomes.

Heteromorphic
The state of having homologous chromosomes that differ morphologically.

Heterozygosity
The presence of different alleles at one or more loci on homologous chromosomes.
2. (for most purposes) The proportion of individuals in a population that are heterozygotes.

Heterozygote
See: heterozygosity.
An individual that has two different alleles or genes encoding a protein; one copy encodes a normal protein whereas the second copy encodes a nonfunctional or abnormal protein. Also, two different copies of normal alleles.
2. An individual with different alleles at the gene locus or loci under consideration.
3. An individual having two, different alleles at a genetic locus. Compare with homozygote.

Heterozygote Advantage
A condition in which the fitness of a heterozygote is higher than the fitness of either  than the fitness  of either homozygote.
2. The situation where the heterozygote has a greater fitness than either homozygote.
Heterozygous

Having two different alleles for a particular trait. See also heterozygote.
2. Having different alleles in the corresponding loci homologous chromosomes.

Hfr
A strain of bacteria exhibiting a high frequency of recombination, due to a chromosomally-integrated fertility factor. This strain is able to transfer all or part of chromosome to recipient strains.

Highly conserved sequence
DNA sequence that is very similar across several different types of organisms.

High-throughput sequencing
A fast method of determining the order of bases in DNA. See also: sequencing.

Hill, Andrew
A paleontologist and professor at yale, University. His Work with Mary Leakey's team at Laeotoli, Tanzania, in the 1970s helped lead to the discovery of the fossilized footprint of early hominids and other mammals. His current research interests include hominid evolution, paleoecology d taphonomy.

Histones
Proteins complexed with DNA in the nucleus. Histones function to coil the DNA into nucleosomes.

HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The virus causes AIDS by inactivating the T cells of the immune system.

 

 

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