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  Home >> Genetics Dictionary >>Haeckel Ernst - Hardy Weinberg Priniciple

Haeckel, Ernst
A German biologist who lived from 1834-1919, Haeckel was the first to divide animals into protozoan (unicellular) and metazoan (multicellular) forms. His notion of recapitulation is no longer accepted.

Haile Selassie, Yohannes
A paleoanthropologist who, while doing field work in Ethiopia for his doctoral dissertation at the University of California, Berkeley, discovered Ardipithecus ramidus kadabba, a bipedal hominid dated at 5.2 million years old.

Half-life
The amount of time it takes for one-half of the atoms of a radioactive material to decay to a stable form. For example, the. half-life of carbon-14 is 5,568 years

Hamilton, W.D.
A naturalist, explorer, and zoologist who worked in the world of mathematical models, including "Hamilton's Rule," about the spread through a population of a gene for altruistic self sacrifice. He was also interested, in the evolutionary impact of parasites as the key to many outstanding problems left by Darwin, including the baffling riddle of the evolution of sex. This led him to extensive work in computer simulations.

Haploid

A single set of chromosomes (half the full set of genetic material) present in the egg and sperm cells of animals and in the egg and pollen cells of plants. Human beings have 23 chromosomes in their reproductive cells.
2. A single set of chromosomes (half the full set of genetic material) present in the egg and sperm cells. Human beings have 23 chromosomes in their reproductive cells. All other cells are diploid.

3. Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes; the gametic chromosome number.
4. The condition of having only one set of genes or chromosomes. In normally diploid organisms such as humans, only the gametes are haploid.
5. The genetic chromosome number; the state in which each type of chromosome is represented only once (N)
Haplotype
A way of denoting the collective genotype of a number of closely linked loci on a chromosome.
2. A set of genes at more than one locus inherited by an individual from one of its parents. It is the multi-locus analog of an allele.
3. The alleles found on a single chromosome present at the known polymorphic sites in a gene or region of genomic DNA. The two haplotypes of a gene carried by an individual are that individual's alleles for the gene.

Hardy-Weinberg Law
A principle stating that allele frequencies will remain in equilibrium in an infinitely large population in the absence of mutation, selection, migration, and nonrandom mating.
2. The concept that both gene frequencies and genotype frequencies will remain constant from generation to generation in an infinitely large, interbreeding population in which mating is at random and there is no selection, migration, or mutation.

Hardy-Weinberg principle
In population genetics, the idea that if a population experienced no selection, no mutation, no migration, no genetic drift, and random mating, then frequency of each  allele and the frequencies of genotype in the population would remain the same from one generation to the next.

 

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