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  Home >> Genetics Dictionary >> Genotype - Glaciation

Genomic sequence
See: DNA

Genomics
The study of genes and their function
Genotype
The genetic constitution of an organism, as distinguished from its physical appearance (its phenotype).
2. The actual genes carried by an individual (distinct from phenotype).
3. Th specific allelic constution of an individual; often, the allelic composition of the limited number of genes under consideration.
4. Th set of two genes possessed by an individual locus. More generally, the genetic profile of an individual
5. Th genetic constitution of an organism, as dist: .from its physical appearance.

Genotypic frequency
The proportion of individuals in a population that possess a given genotype.

Genus (plural genera)
The second-to-lowest category in taxonomic classification. The phrase "species name" generally refers to the genus and species together, as in the Latin name for humans, Homo sapiens. See taxon.

Germ cell
Sperm and egg cells and their precursors. Germ cells are haploid and have only one set of chromosomes (23 in all),while all other cells have two copies (46 in all).

2. A reproductive cell, which, when mature, is capable of contributing to the genesis of a new organism. Opposite of somatic cell.

Germ line gene therapy
An experimental process of inserting genes into germ cells or fertilized eggs to cause' a genetic change that can be passed on to offspring. May be used to alleviate effects associated with a genetic disease. See also: genomics, somatic cell gene therapy
Germ line genetic mutation
See: mutation

Germ plasm
The reproductive cells in an organism, or the cells that produce the gametes. All cells in an organism can be divided into the soma (the cells that ultimately die) and the germ cells (the cells that are perpetuated by reproduction).

Germination
The initial stages in the growth of a seed to form a seedling. The embryonic shoot (plumule) and embryonic root (radicle) emerge and grow upward and downward, respectively. Food reserves for germination come from tissue within the seed and/or from the seed leaves (cotyledons).

Gestation
The period in animals bearing live young (especially mammals) from the fertilization of the egg and its implantation into the wall of the uterus until the birth of the young (parturition), during which the young develops in the uterus. In humans gestation is known as pregnancy and takes about nine months (40 weeks).

Gingerich, Philip
Gingerich is interested in evolutionary change documented in the fossil record and how this relates to the kinds of changes observable in the field or laboratory on the scale of a few generations. His ongoing fieldwork in Wyoming, Egypt, and Pakistan is concerned with the origin of modem orders of mammals, especially primates and whales.

Glaciation
The formation of large sheets of ice across land. Glaciation of the continents marks the beginning of ice ages, when the makeup of Earth and organisms on it changes dramatically.

Germ line
The cortinuation of a set of genetic information f generation to the next. See also: inherit

 

           
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