5. Examination Subjects: The subjects of written examination, the maximum marks allotted to each subject and the time allowed will be as under:

N.B. All the question papers in the examination will be of
conventional (essay) type.

General Economics-I
1. Theory of Consumer's Demand: Cardinal Utility analysis, indifference Curve analysis-Income and Substitution Effects, the Slutsky theorem-revealed Preference approach.

2. Theory of Production: Factors of Production-Production Functions-forms of Production Function: Cobb-Douglas, CES and Fixed Co-efficient type-Laws of returns-Returns to scale and returns to a factor-Partial equilibrium versus general equilibrium approach­ Equilibrium of the firm and the Industry.

3. Theory of Value: Pricing under various forms of market organisation like perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly. Public Utility Pricing: Marginal cost pricing, Peak load pricing.

4. Theory of Distribution: Macro distribution theories of Ricardo, Marx, Kalecki, Kaldor-Neo-classical approach; Marginal productivity theory of determination of factor prices-factor shares and the adding up problem-Euler's theorem -pricing of factors under imported competition.

5. Welfare Economics: Inter-personal comparison and aggregation problem, divergence between social and private welfare, compensation principle, Pure to optimality, Social choice and other recent schools, including Coase and Sen.

6. Concept of national income and social accounting: Measurement of national income-inter-relationship between three measures of national income-Inter-relationship between three measures of national income in the presence of the Government sector and international transactions. Measuring Economic Welfare-­socio-economic indicators approach: PQLI and H. D. Index.

7. Theory of Employment, Output and Inflation: the Classical and neo-classical approaches-keynsean theory of Employment ­Post-Keynsian developments-the inflationary gap-Demand-Pull versus Cost-Push inflation-the Phillip's Curve and its policy implications.

8. Mathematical Methods in Economics: Derivatives-basic rules of differentiation and its applications to economic functions ­Optimisation (concept)-Matrices and their applications in Economics, Input-Output model (concept), Linear Programming and its applications.

General Economics-II
1. Concept of economic growth and development and their
measurement-Characteristics of less developed countries (LDCs) and obstacles to their development-Growth, poverty and income distribution-Theories of growth: Classical Approach: Adam Smith Marx and Schumpeter-Neo-classical Approach: Robinson, Solow, Kaldor and Harrod-Domar-Theories Economic Development: Rostow, Rosenstein-Rodan, Nurkse, Hirschman, Leibenstein and Arthur Lews, Amin and Frank (Dependency school); respective role of the State and the market.

2. International Economics: Gains from international Trade, terms of trade, trade policy, international trade and economic development-Theories of international trade: Ricardo, Haberler, Heckscher-Ohlin and Stolper-Samuelson-Theory of Tariffs- Regional Trade Arrangements.

3. Balance of Payments: Disequilibrium in balance of payments, Mechanism of Adjustments, Foreign Trade Multiplier, Exchange rates, Import and Exchange Controls and multiple exchange rates.

4. Global Institutions: UN agencies; World Bank, IMF and WTO, Multinational Corporations.

5. Money and Banking: Its functions. and value-quantity, Theory of Money, Cash Transaction Approach and the Cash Balances Approach, Friedman's Restatement of the Quantity Theory of Money-the instruments of monetary control-the neutrality of money­ the money multiplier.

6. Statistical and Econometric methods: Averages, dispersions, correlation and regression, time series, index numbers, sampling  and survey methods, testing of hypotheses, simple non-parametric tests, drawing of curves based on various linear and non-linear functions; least square methods, other multivariate analysis (only concepts and interpretation of results); ANOV A, factor analysis, principal component analysis, discriminant analysis. Income distributions: Pareto law of distribution log-normal distribution measurement of income equality-Lorenz Curve and Gini co-efficient.

General Economics-III
1. Environment Economics: Club of Rome, Founex report, Stockholm and Rio Earth summit reports. Convention on
Biodiversity, Montreal Protocol on CFC, global warming, externalities,
public goods, economic implication of various types of environmental degradation-air noise, water pollution and exhaustion of non­renewable resources, resource accounting, biological wealth and its depletion or accretion as a part of GDP estimates and Sustainable development; remedies ,regulations, taxes, market based solutions such as privatisation and pollution permits.

2. Urbanisation and Migration: Lewis, Todar; informal sector, urban labour market, urban poverty.
3. Project Appraisal: Criteria for project choices: Internal rate of return, net present value of benefit-costs, ratio-social rate of discount-shadow prices of capital, unskilled labour and foreign exchange. Use of project appraisal methods in India.

4. Financial and Capital Markets: Finance and economic development-Financial Markets-stock market, gilt market, foreign exchange market - Banking and insurance.

5. Fiscal policy and its objectives: Limitations of fiscal policy­ theories of taxation and expenditure-objectives and effects of public expenditure-effects and incidence of taxation-deficit financing- theory of public debt, debt management, complementarity of monetary and fiscal policy with debt.

6. State, Market and Planning: Concept and types of planning ­rationale of planning in a developing economy-limitations of planning, economics of regulations, decentralised planning.

Indian Economics
1. History of development and planning: Alternative development strategies-goal of self reliance based on import substitution and the post-1991 globalisation strategies based on stabilisation and structural adjustment packages.

2.(a) Decentralised Planning: Panchayat experience­ constitutional obligations, Balawantrai Mehta Committee, Asoka Mehta Committee and other reports, Financial aspects of73rd and 74th constitutional amendments.
(b) Union-State financial relations: Constitutional provisions relating to fiscal and financial powers of the states, Financial aspect of Sarkaria Commission Report, Finance Commissions and their formulae for sharing taxes.

3. Poverty, Unemployment and Human Development during plan period-Appraisal of Government measures-India's human development record in global perspective.

4. Agriculture and Rural Development: Strategies including those relating to technologies and institutions: land relations and land reforms, rural credit, modem farm inputs and marketing­ price policy and subsidies; commercialisation and diversification. Rural development programmes including poverty alleviation programmes: development of economic and social infrastructure.

5. India's experience with Urbanisation and Migration: Different types of migratory flows and their impact on the economies of the origin and the destination, the process of growth of urban settlements: urban strategies.

6. Industry: Strategy of industrial development-Industrial Policy Reform; Reservation Policy relating to small scale industries. Sources of industrial finances-bank, share market, insurance companies, pension funds, non-banking sources and foreign direct investment; role of foreign capital for direct investment and portfolio investment. Public sector reform, privatisation and disinvestment. Public sector reform, privatisation and disinvestment.

7. Labour: Employment, unemployment and underemployment­ industrial relations and labour welfare-strategies for employment generation-Urban labour market and informal sector employment; report of National Commission on labour, Social issues relating to labour e.g. Child labour, Bonded labour.

8. Foreign trade: Salient features of India's foreign trade­ composition, direction and organisation of trade; recent changes in trade policy; Balance of payments, tariff policy, exchange rate and WTO requirements.

9. Money and Banking: Organisation of India's money market­ changing roles of the Reserve Bank of India, commercial banks, development finance institutions, foreign banks and non-banking financial institutions.

10. Budgeting and Fiscal Policy: Tax, expenditure, budgetary deficits, debt and fiscal reforms. Black money and Parallel economy in India-definition, estimates, genesis, consequences and remedies.

 STATISTICS-I
a) Probability
Elements of measure theory, Classical definitions and axiomatic approach. Sample space. Class of events and Probability measure. Laws of total and compound probability. Probability of m events out of n. Conditional probability, Bayes' theorem. Random variables- discrete and continuous. Distribution function. Standard probability distributions-Bernoulli, uniform, binomial, Poisson, geometric, rectangular, exponential, normal, Cauchy, hypergeometric, multinomial, Laplace, negative binormial, beta, gamma, logromal and, compound. Poisson distribution. Joint distributions, conditional distributions, Distributions of functions of random variables Convergence in distribution in probability with probability one and in mean square. Moments and comulants.

Mathematical expectation and conditional expectation, Characteristic function and moment and probability generating functions inversion uniqueness and continuity theorems. Borel 0­1 law: Kolmogorov's 0.1 law, Tchebycheffs and Kolmogorov's Inequalities. Laws of large numbers and central limit theorems for independent variables. Conditional expectation and Martingales.

(ii) Statistical Methods
(a) Collection, compilation and presentation of data, Charts, diagrams and histogram. Frequency distribution. Measures of location, dispersion, skewness and kurtosis. Bivariate and multivariate data. Association and contingency. Cure fitting and orthogonal polynomials. Bivariate normal distribution, regression ­linear, polynomial distribution of the correlation coefficient, Partial and multiple  correlation, Interclass correlation, Correlation ratio.

(b) Standard errors and large sample test. Sampling distributions ofx,s2, t, chi-square and F; tests of significance based on them, Small sample tests. ,1"
(c) Non parametric tests-Goodness of fit, sign, median, run, Wicloxon, Mann-Whitney, Wald-Wolfowitz and Kolmogorov-­Smirnov. Rank order statistics-minimum, maximum, range and median. Concept of Asymptotic relative efficiency.

(iii) Numerical Analysis
Interpolation formulae (with remainder terms) due to Long.. range, Newton-Gragory, Newton Divided different, Gauss and Strilling. Euler-Maclaurin's summation formula. Inverse interpolation. Numerical integration and differentiation. Difference equations of the first order. Linear difference equations with constant coefficients.

STATISTICS-II
(i) Linear Models
Theory of linear estimation. Gauss-Markoff setup. Least square estimators. Use of ginverse, analysis of one-way and two way classified data-fixed, mixed and random ,effect models. Tests for regression coefficients.

(ii) Estimation
Characteristics of good estimator. Estimation methods of maximum likelihood, minimum chi-square, moments and least squares. Optimal properties of maximum likelihood estimators, Minimum, variance unbiased estimators. Minimum variance bound estimators. Crammer-Rao inequality. Battacharya bounds. Sufficient estimator, factorisation theorem. Complete statistic. Rao-Blackwell theorem. Confidence interval estimation. Optimum confidence bounds. Resampling, Bootstrap and Jacknife.

(iii) Hypothesis testing and Statistical Quality Control
(a) Hypothesis testing: Simple and composite hypothesis. Two kinds of error. Critical region. Different types of critical regions and similar regions. Power function. Most powerful and uniformly most powerful tests. Neyman-Person fundamental lemma. Unbiased test. Randomised test. Likelihood ratio test. Wald's SPRT,OC and ASN functions. Elements of decision and game theory.

(b) Statistical Quality Control: Control Charts for variable and attributes. Acceptance Sampling by attributes - Single, double, multiple and sequential Sampling plans; Concepts of AOQL and ATI; Acceptance Sampling by variables-use of Dodge­-Romig and other tables.

(iv) Multivariate Analysis
Multivariate normal distribution. Estimation of mean Vector and covariance matrix. Distribution of Hotelling's T2-Statistic, Mahalanobis's D2-Statistic, and their use in testing. Partial and multiple correlation coefficients in samples from a multivariate normal population. Wishert's distribution, its  reproductive and other properties. Wilk's criterion. Discriminant function. Principal components. Canonical variates and correlations.

STATISTICS-III
(i) Sampling Techniques
Census versus sample survey. Pilot and large scale sample surveys. Role of NSS organisation. Simple random sampling with and without replacement. Stratified sampling and sample allocations. Cos and variance functions. Ratio and Regression methods of estimation. Sampling with probability proportional to size. Cluster, double, multi phase , multistage and systematic sampling. Interpenetrating sub-sampling. Non-sampling errors.

(ii) Design and Analysis of Experiments
Principles of design of experiments. Layout and analysis of completely rendomised, randomised block and Latin square designs, Factorial experience and confounding in 2n and 3n experiments. Split-plot and strip-plot designs. Construction and analysis of balanced and partially balanced incomplete block designs. Analysis of covariance. Analysis of non orthogona data. Analysis of missing and mixed plot data.

(iii) Economic Statistics
Components of time series. Methods of their determination ­variate difference method. Yule-Slutsky effect. Correlogram. Autoregressive models of first and second order. Periodogram analysis. Index numbers of prices and quantities and their negative merits. construction of index numbers of wholesale and consumer prices. Income distribution-Pareto and Angel curves. Concentration curve.Methods of estimating national income. Inter-sectoral flows. Inter-industry table Role of CSO.

(iv) Econometrics
Theory and analysis of consumer demand specification and estimation of demand functions. Demand elasticities. Structure and model. Estimation of parameters in single equation model­ classical least squares, generalised least-square, heteroscedasticity, serial correlation, multicollinearity, errors in variable model, Simultaneous equation models-Identification, rank and other conditions. Indirect least squares and two stage least squares. Short-term economics forecasting.

STATISTICS-IV
(i) Stochastic Processes
Specifications of a Stochastic Process, Markov chains, classification of states, limiting probabilities; stationery distribution; Random walk and Gambler's ruin problem. Poisson process, Birth and death process, applications to Queues-MIMI1 and MIMIC models, Branching Process.

(ii) Operations Research
Elements of linear programming. Simplex procedure. Principle of duality. Transport and assignment problems. Single and multi­period inventory control models. ABC analysis. General simulation problems. Replacement models for items that fail and or items that deteriorate.

(iii) Demography and Vital Statistics
The life table, its constitution and properties. Makehams and Gompertz curves. National life tables, UN model life tables. Abridged life bibles. Stable and stationary populations. Different birth rates. Total fertility rate. Gross and net reproduction rates. Different mortality rates. Standardised death rate. Internal and international migration: net migration. International and postcensal estimates. Projection method including logistic curve fitting. Decennial population census in India.

(iv) Computer Application and Data Processing (a) Computer Application Computer system concepts: Computer system components and functions. The Central Process unit, Main memory, Bit, Byte, Word, Input/Output Devices, Speeds and memory Capacities in computer systems.

Software concepts: Overview of Operating Systems, Types and Functions of Operating System, application Software, Software for multi-tasking, multi-programming, Batch Processing Mode, Time sharing mode, Concept of System Support Programme, Overview of Existing Software packages on Word Processing and Spreadsheets.

Overview of an application Specific programme: Flow charts, Basics of Algorithm, Fundamental of design and analysis of Algorithm; Basics of data structure, Queue, Stack.
(b) Data Processing
Data processing: Digital Number System, Number conversions, Binary representation of integers, Binary representation of real numbers, Logical Data element like character, fields, records, files. Fundamentals of data transmission and processing including error control and error processing.

Data Base Management: Data Resource management, Data base and file organisation and processing. (a) Direct, (b) Sequential, (c) Indexed Sequential file. Concepts of Client Server architecture. Data Base Administrator. All overview of DBMS software.

7. Standard of Papers: The standard of papers in General English and General Studies will be such as may be expected of a graduate of an Indian University. The standards of papers in other subjects will be that of the Master's degree examination of an Indian University in the relevant disciplines. The candidates will be expected to illustrate theory by facts, and to analyses problems with the help of theory. They will be expected to be particularly conversant with Indian problems in the field(s) of Economics.

8. Previous up-to-date Papers have been solved in Career's Guide to Indian Economic / Statistical Services Exam., obtainable from Bright Careers Institute, 1525, Nai Sarak, Delhi-llOO06.

9. Initial Pay: About Rs.10,000/- in the scale of Rs. 8000-275­13500.