Dictionary, Defintion, Meaning, What is Fireclay, Flame Emission Spectroscopy, Filter, Filter-Aids, Filtration, Far Infrared Spectroscopy, Fire-Damp, Fire Extinguishers

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Home >> Chemistry Dictionary >>Fireclay - Flame Emission Spectroscopy

Your Ad Here	Filter. A device for separating solid particles from a liquid or gas. The simplest laboratory filter for liquids is a funnel in which a cone of paper (filter paper) is placed. Special containers with a porous base of sintered glass are also used. Filter-aids. Materials such a Kieselguhr which are added to a slurry to increase the rate of a filtration operation. Filtration. A process of separating an insoluble solid particles from a liquid by passing the fluid through porous material (filter paper). FIR. Far infrared spectroscopy at frequencies lower than about 400 cm^-1,
Fireclay. A refractory clay consisting mainly of aluminium silicate, suitable for the manufacture of furnace bricks, crucibles, etc., and melting at over 1600ºC. Fire-damp. An explosive mixture of methane (CH₄) and air, formed in coal mines. Fire extinguishers. Materials which smother and extinguish or atleast prevent propagation of flame. Water is the most widely used extinguisher. Other important extinguishers are NaHCO₂ solution. CO_2-foam formed from a carbonate and acid, liquids such as CIBrCH₂ CH₃Br, CCl₄ (although these can give toxic by products in use) and solids such as NaHCO₃, KHCO₃, NH₄H₂PO₄.
Fire retardant. An additive that causes resistance to burning when in contact with a high-energy ignition source. First order reaction. A reaction in which the rate of reaction is proportional to the concentration of one of the reacting substance, (e.g.) hydrolysis of ester. Fischer projection. A method of representing three-dimensional structures in two-dimensional drawings in which the chiral atoms(s) lies in the plane of the paper. The two enantiomeric forms of glyceraldehydes are represented as	Your Ad Here
Fitting reaction. The production of a benzene homoluge from an atomatic halide by the action of metallic sodium in ether. Fixed oil. A non-volatile oil occurring in plants. It is used in cooking. (as peanut oil and coconut).
Your Ad Here	Flame. A hot luminous mixture of gases undergoing combustion. The chemical reactions in a flame are mainly free-radical chain reactions and the light comes from fluorescence of excited molecules or ions or from incandescence of small solid particles (e.g. carbon). Flame emission spectroscopy. Emission spectroscopy in which the emitting atom is present in a flame. Flame photometery. A development of flame test used in qualitative analysis, photometnic measurement of flame emission is used to find out the concentration of substances introduced into the flame.

Flash distillation.
A distillation technique involving very rapid removal of solvent. Used in desalination of sea-water.

Flash Photolysis:
A technique for studying free-radical reactions in gases. The apparatus used typically consists of a long glass or quartz tube holding the gas with a lamp outside the tube suitable for producing an intense flash of light. This dissociates molecules in the sample creating free radicals, which can be detected spectroscopically by a beam of light passed down the axis of the tube. It is possible to focus the spectrometer on an absorption line for a particular product and measure its change in intensity with time using an oscilloscope. In this way the kinetics of very fast free-radical gas reactions can be studied.

Flash point.
The lowest temperature at which the application of a small flame causes the vapour above a flammable liquid to ignite when the liquid is heated in a standard cup under prescribed conditions.

Flame test. A simple test for metals, in which a small amount of the sample (usually moistened with hydrochloric acid) is placed on the end of a platinum wire and held in a Bunsen flame. Certain metals can be detected by the colour produced: barium (green), calcium (brick red), lithium (crimson), potassium (lilac), sodium (yellow) strontium (red).

Flint.
A compact massive quartz. Used in porcelain manufacture.

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