Dictionary, Defintion, Meaning, What is Epimerism, Equilibrium, Eosin, Ephedrine, Epoxidation, Epoxy, Epoxy Resins, Epsomite, Erbium, Eposomite, Equilibrium Mixture, Equivalence Point

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Home >> Chemistry Dictionary >>Epimerism - Equilibrium

Your Ad Here	Eosin. An insoluble dye which is obtained by the bromination of Fluorescein. Ephedrine. C₁₀H₁₅NO, PhCH (OH) CH (NHMe) Me. Colourless crystals containing about ½ H₂O; m.p. 40°C, b.p. 225°C. It is obtained from various species of Ephedra, or may be synthesized. Its pharmacological action resembles that of adrenaline. It is used to relieve catarrh, asthma and hay fever. Epimerism. A type of isomerism shown by substances which contain several asymmetric centres but differ in the configuration of one only, of these. In carbohydrate chemistry the term is restricted to sugars or their derivatives which differ only in the orientation of the groups attached to the carbon atom next to the potential aldehydes group of the sugar or to the corresponding group in the sugar derivative.
Epoxidation. The addition of an oxygen bride across an alkene bond, achieved in special cases by oxygen and a catalyst, but more usually by a per-acid, such as perbenzoic acid or substituted analogues of these acids. Epoxy. A prefix indicating a Image group in a molecule, e.g., Image-Pg.No-143, epoxyethane. 1, 2 – Epoxypropane. See propylene oxide.
Epoxy resins. Synthetic resins produced by copolymerizing epoxide compounds with phenols. They contain – O – linkages and epoxide groups and are usually viscous liquids. They can be hardened by addition of agents, such as polyamines, that form cross-linkages. Alternatively, catalysts may be used to induce further polymerization of the resin. Epoxy resins are used in electrical equipment and in the chemical industry (because of resistance of chemical attack). They are also used as adhesives. Epsomite. Refers to a mineral form of magnesium sulphate heptahydrate MgSO₄. 7H₂O.	Your Ad Here
Equilibrium. A state in which a system has its energy distributed in the statistically most probable manner; a state of a system in which forces, influences, reactions, etc. balance each other out so that there is no net change. A body is said to be in thermal equilibrium if no net heat exchange is taking place within it or between it and its surroundings. A system is in chemical equilibrium when a reaction and its reverse are proceeding a equal rates (see also equilibrium constant). These are examples of dynamic equilibrium, in which activity in one sense or direction is in aggregate balanced by comparable reverse activity.
Your Ad Here	Equilibrium mixture. A mixture of rectants and products in a reversible reaction which have attained an equilibrium state. Equivalent weight. The number of part by weight of a substance which combines with or replaces 1.008 part by weight of hydrogen or eight part by weight of oxygen or 35.5 part by weight of chlorine or 108 part by weight of silver.

Equilibrium diagram. A simplified boiling point diagram which shows graphically, for a liquid mixture, the composition of the varpour or solid which is in equilibrium with the liquid. Widely used in metallography to show the equilibrium between liquid and solid alloys.

Equivalence point. The stage in a titration when the reactants and products are present in equivalent amounts according to the stoicheiometry of the reaction. This may not correspond exactly to the end point.

Er.Erbium.

Erbium. Symbol Er. A soft silvery metallic element belonging to the lanthanoids; a.n. 68; r.a.m. 167.26; r.d. 9.066 (20°C); m.p. 1529°C; b.p. 2868°C. It occurs in apatite, gadolinite, and xenotine from certain sources. There are six natural isotopes, which are stable, and twelve artificial isotopes are known. It has been used in alloys for nuclear technology as it is a neutron absorber; it is being investigated for other potential uses.

Ergometrine. C₁₉H₂₃N₃O₂. Water-soluble alkaloid of ergot; m.p. 195-197°C (decomp.).

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