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  Home >> Chemistry Dictionary >>Ammonium Phosphates - Amphoteric

Ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
See ammonium Bicarbonate

Ammonium iodide
(NH4I). A colourless salt. It is highly soluble in water. It is used in photographic industry

Ammonium iron
(NH4+). The NH4+ ion formed by coordination of NH3 to H+

Ammonium molybdates.
A range of salts obtained from ammonia and molybdic acid. The commercial salt is (MH4)6M0O7O244H2O

Ammonium nitrate
(NH4NO3). A colourless crystalline salt, which deliquesces in most air. The slat is highly soluble in water and also dissolves in alcohol. It is used as a fertilizer and also used as a high explosive by mixing with T.N.T. and aluminium powder.

Ammonium nitrite
(NH4NO2). A yellowish solid obtained by part oxidation of NH3 or form Ba(NO2)2 and (NH4)2 SO4. It breaks up on heating to N2 and H2O.

Ammonium perchlorate.
A white crystalline solid. It is used as an oxidizer in solid propellants.

Ammonium persulphate, ammonium peroxodi-sulphate
(NH4)2S2O8. Colourless solid, soluble in water prepared by electrolysis of cooled saturated (NH4)2 SO4 in dill. H2SO4. A powerful oxidizing agent. An ammoniacal solution of ammonium persulphate is used to strip brass plating from iron.

Ammonium phosphates,
NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2 HPO4 and (NH4)3 PO4. Formed from NH3 and phosphoric acid and used as important fertilizers. The two hydrogen phosphates are used medicinally as diuretics. All of the ammonium phosphates lose NH3 on heating. Other ammonium phosphates include NH4NaHPO4,4H2O microcosmic slat

Ammonium sulphate.
A white rhombic solid, (NH4)2SO4; r.d. 1.67; decomposes at 2350C. It is very soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol: it occurs naturally as the mineral mascagnite. Vast quantities of ammonium sulphate are used as fertilizers

Ammonium thiocyanate.
NH4NCS. Colourless solid, soluble in water, prepared from CS2 and NH3 in EtOH or HCN and yellow ammonium sulphide. Forms isomeric thiourea, SC(NH2)2, on heating. Used as a source of NSC- ions, in the explosives industry and in photography

Amorphous.
Describing a solid that is not crystalline; i.e., one that has no long-range order in its lattice. Many powders that are described as ‘amorphous’ in fact are composed of microscopic crystals, as can be demonstrated by X-ray diffraction. Glasses are examples of true amorphous solids

Amorphous carbon.
Exceedingly fine graphite powder

Amount.
An unspecified quality of a substance referring to a mass or volume of a solid, liquid or gas

Amount of substance.
Refers to a measure of the number of entities present in a substance. The specified entity may be an atom, molecule, ion, electron, photon etc. Any specified group of such entities. The SI unit of amount of substance has been the mole

Ampere (Symbol: A).
The unit of current in the SI is the ampere. A current of 1A is the flow of coulomb, C of charge, a specified number of electrons for one second past given point.
Q = it
Where q is charge I is current and t is time measured respectively in coulombs amperes and seconds

Amperometic titration.
A method of analysis in which current flowing through a cell is plotted against added titrant. There are sharp breaks in the curves at the end points

Amphetamine (C6H5CH2CHNH2CH3).
A drug used in the form of the sulphate which stimulates the central nervous system in cases of depression. Its trade name is Benzedrin

Amphiprotic acid.
An acid which has both acidic and basic characteristics, i.e., it can lose or gain protons

Ampholyte
Refers to a substance that can act as either an acid, in the presence of a strong base, or base, when in the presence of a strong acid

Amphoteric.
Describing a compound that can act as both an acid and a base (in the traditional sense of the term). For instance, aluminium hydroxide is Amphoteric; as a base AI(OH)3 it reacts with acids to form aluminium salts; as an acid H3AIO3 it reacts with alkalis to give aluminates. Oxides of metals are typically basic and oxides of non-metals tend to be acidic. The existence of Amphoteric oxides is sometimes regarded as evidence that an element is a metalloid
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