Dictionary,Defintion,Meaning, What is Amine Oxides, Amino Acids, Amination, Amides, Amines, Amine salts, Molecules, Ammonium Salt, Carboxylic Acid, Hydroxylamines, Methylamine, Trimethylamine

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Home >> Chemistry Dictionary >>Amine Oxides - Amino Acids

Your Ad Here	Amination. The term used for a chemical reaction in which an amino group (—NH₂) gets introduced into a molecule. Amides. Organic compounds containing the group – CO.NH (the amide group). Amides are volatile solids; They are made by heating the ammonium salt of the corresponding carboxylic acid. Amine oxides. R₃NO. Prepared by alkylation of hydroxylamines or oxidation of tertiary amines with ozone or hydrogen peroxide. Long-chain alphatic amine oxides are used in detergents and shampoos (alkylbis (2-hydroyethyl) amine oxides and alkyldimethylamine oxides). Other amine oxides are physiologically active
Amines. Organic compounds derived by replacing one or more of the hydrogen atoms in ammonia by organic groups. Primary amines have one hydrogen replaced e.g., methylamine, CH₃NH₂. They contain the functional group —NH₂ (the amino group). Secondary amines have two hydrogen replaced, e.g., methylethylamine, CH₃(C₂H₅)NH. The group = NH is the imino group. Tertiary amines have all three replaced, e.g. trimethylamine, (CH₃)₃N. Amines are produced by the decomposition of organic matter. They can be made by reducing nitro compounds or amides.
Amine salts. Refers to salts which are similar to ammonium salts in which the hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen are replaced by one or more organic groups. Amines readily form salts by reaction with acids, gaining a proton to form a positive ammonium ion. Amino-acids. A large class of organic compounds containing both the carboxyl, COOH, and theamino, NH₂, group, e.g., Glycine, H₂N-CH₂-COOH. Their chief importance lies in the fact that many proteins are built up entirely of amino-acid groupings by condensation between the NH₂ and COOH groups, all the amino-acids in proteins being α amino-acids, with the amino group attached to the same carbon-atom as the carboxyl group and with the same L-configuration of asymmetric groups about the α-carbon atom. The following 23 amino-acids are found in very variable proportions as constituents of most proteins.	Your Ad Here
In representations of peptides the shortened form is used and the amino-acid first listed has the free amino group Certain other amino-acids occur in a few proteins, and others, not necessarily α- or L- amino-acids, are found naturally in the free state or as constituents of peptides. The amino-acids are colourless, crystalline substances which melt with decomposition. They are mostly soluble in alcohol. As constituents of proteins the amino-acids are important constituents of the food of animals. Certain amino-acids can be made in the body form ammonia and non-nitrogenous sources; others can be made form other amino-acids, e.g., tyrosine from phenylalanine and cystine form methionine, but many are essential ingredients of the diet. The list of essential amino-acids depends partly on the species. See also peptides and proteins.

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