Biotechnology Areas of Research, DNA Fingerprinting, Diagnostic kit for Filaria, Hepatitis, Amoebiasis, Malaria, Bharat Immunological and Biological Corporation

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Biotechnology and Genomics History, Definition and Scope Biotechnology and Genomics Origin and Hitory Some of the Programmes in the field of Biotechnology and Genomics Definition of Biotechnology Definition of Genomics Scope and Importance of Biotechnology and Genomics Different Levels of Organization and their use in Biotechnology and Genomics Tissue Culture Techniques in Biotechnology Gene Technology as a tool for Biotechnology Hybridoma and Monoclonal Antibodies in Biotechnology Biotechnology in Medicine Biotechnology and Protein (or Enzyme)Engineering

Home >> Biotechnology and Genomics >>Biotechnology and Genomics Histroy Definition and Scope >> Biotechnology Areas of Research

Your Ad Here	Areas of research During the decade 1990- 2000, products, processes and services in the field of biotechnology in India became a reality. Some of the achievements of Indian biotechnology research include the following, which are discussed in more details in the relevant chapters of this book: (i) Successful use of embryo transfer and split embryos technology has become possible to give birth to improved buffallo calves. (ii) DNA fingerprinting using Bkm probe has been developed by Dr. Lalji Singh at CCMB, Hyderabad.
(iii) The diagnostic kit for filaria has been released and other diagnostic kits for more than a dozen diseases (e.g. hepatitis B, amoebiasis, malaria, etc.) are in different stages of development. (iv) An animal birth control product (Talsur), which can be injected in male has been developed at NIl, New Delhi; a number of other male and female birth control vaccines are in different stages of. evaluation (at NIl, New Delhi and IISc, Bangalore). (v) A number of vaccines against diseases are being developed; the most important developments in this connection are the establishment of BIBCOL (Bharat Immunological and Biological Corporation Ltd.) at Bulandshahr for oral polio vaccine (with Soviet collaboration) and IVCOL (Indian Vaccines Corporation Ltd.) at Gurgaon for viral vaccine (with French collaboration)
(vi) Micropropagation of elite trees has been made possible at commercial scale for bamboos at University of Delhi and for teak, eucalyptus and sandalwood through two pilot plant, one at Tata Energy Research Institute (TERI), New Delhi and the other at National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) in Pune. Through the efforts of several laboratories and private companies, commercial production of elite plants through tissue culture has become possible for following other crops: pomegranate, banana, vegetable crops, cardamom, sugarcane, ornamentals (including orchids), etc. Several other plant species are at various stages that may lead to commercial production. Tissue culture propagation of cardamom and oil palm has also been standardized for commercial application.	Your Ad Here
(vii) Biopesticides (viral, bacterial and fungal agents are used for controlling insect pests) and biofertilizers (improved Rhizobium particularly for legume crops and nitrogen fixing blue green algae - particularly for rice) are being developed on priority to meet the nitrogen demands and also to protect soil texture. (viii) Aquaculture technology was developed for farming of prawn and major carps; economically viable technology giving higher yields are being developed for farmers (ix) An yeast strain capable of producing 12-14% ethanol has been isolated at IMTEC, Chandigarh, which is being used in breweries.
	(x) Sericulture involving improvement in production and quality of Indian silk has become possible. (xi) Transgenic crop plants (including brinjal, tomato, cotton, wheat) have been produced and may reach the farmers field in due course of time; a programme on edible vaccines is also in progress and a programme for vitamin A rich rice (golden rice) is being initiated. (xii) Molecular markers are being developed in several crops (wheat, rice, Brassica sp., mungbean, neem, etc.) which will be used for a variety of purposes in plant breeding. (xiii) A most ambitious programme involves, sharing the international effort for sequencing the entire rice genome. This work is being undertaken at UDSC and IARI, both at New Delhi.

The above achievements in biotechnology earlier led to the preparation of an 'action plan' by DBT, so that the benefit may meet the needs of rural development.

Following eight programmes are listed in this 'action plan'.

(i) Vaccines (e.g. oral polio vaccine).

(ii) Oil palm demonstration project.

(iii) Increased production of biomass

(iv) Immunodiagnostics.

(v) Aquaculture (increased production of prawns and major carps).

(vi) Embryo transfer technology

(vii) Biofertilizers. (viii) Sericulture

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