Energy Resources,Fossil Fuels,Atmosphere,Troposphere,Stratosphere,Mesosphere,Thermosphere,Role of atmosphere,Oil sources,Gas produces

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Your Ad Here	Energy Resources The major energy resources are fossil such as coal, petroleum and natural gas Fossil Fuels Fossil fuels are important sources of energy. Oil sources of the world are however limited but with rapid urbanization their demand is increasing leading to their depletion. Coal reserves of the world are higher than that of petroleum. Leading coal producers of the world are China, USSR, USA, UK etc.
Of the total energy consumption of the world, the maximum is used up by the Americans. Liquid fuel and methane gas are food sources of fuel and are obtained from coal. Gas produces less pollution than other fossil fuels do. Many of the coal deposits are of sulphur coal, and release sulphurous residues on burning and thus cause maximum pollution. Some alternatives to the great dependence on fossil fuels are solar energy, hydro-electric energy, geothermal energy, wind power, nuclear energy and energy from garbage.
The present energy crisis today requires special attention. Reducing wastage and using energy-efficient devices considerable amount of energy can be saved. Some measures needing attendance are 1. Reduction in dependence on fossil fuels and switch and over to alternative means, 2. Preparation of efficient and smokeless chulhas, 3. Use of solar energy, 4. Use of biogas, 5. Increased efficiency of divices due to proper design, manufacture and maintenance, 6. Planting trees and shrubs under local environment and in public interest. Atmosphere A transparent gaseous envelope surrounding the earth. It consists of four layers : 1. Troposphere. It extends from earth’s surface to an altitude of 10 km. 2. Stratosphere. It extends between altitudes of 10 ¾60 km. Temperature increases with height in this layer.	Your Ad Here
3. Mesosphere. It extends between 60 and 100 km. Temperature decreases with height here. 4. Thermosphere. It lies an altitude of 100 km upwards. Here temperature again increases with height.
Your Ad Here	Outer fringe of atmosphere is called exosphere ¾merged with outer space. Composition. Air is a mixture of several gases. It consists of 78% 21% O₂, remaining 1% includes 0.03% CO₂, 0.93% Argon and other gases. A layer of ozone ¾ozonosphere ¾is present in stratosphere. Role of atmosphere. 1. Ozone layer protects living organisms from harmful rays of sun. 2. It acts as medium for locomotion of flying creatures. 3. It supplies O₂, CO₂ and N₂ to living organisms for their activities 4. It helps in dispersal of pollen, spores etc. and is exploited by man through aviation. 5. Many man made satellites are stationed in thermosphere at varying altitudes. 6. Ionosphere reflects radiowaves back to earth and help in long distance communication and transmission. 7. Air circulation accounts for specific climatic conditions and water cycle

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