Inter Structure of Xerophytic Leaf,Epidermis,Mesophyll,Vascular System,Calcium Oxalate,Spongy parenchyma,Lower epidermis

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Inter Structure of Xerophytic Leaf
Plants growing in high light intensity or under xeric conditions are called Xerophytic. Their leaves show Xerophytic adaptations to reduce water loss by transpiration.

1. Epidermis
Both upper and lower epidermis are covered by thick cuticle. The upper epidermis is 2-3 layered.

Lower epidermis contains air cavities or depressions. Stomata are found inside depressions and such stomata are called sunken stomata. The depressions also bear multicellular hairs.

V.S Monocot Isobilateral Leaf

1. Xylem	6. Bulliform Cell
2. Phloem	7. Upper Epidermis
3. Sclerenchyma	8. Bundle Sheath
4. Stama	9. Vascular Bundle
5. Sub Stomatal Chamber	10. Mesophyll Tissue 11. Lower Epidermis

2. Mesophyll
There are present in two or three layers of palisade parenchyma both on upper and lower sides of mesophyll. Several cells containing crystals of calcium oxalate are scattered in upper palisade.

These crystals are called sphaerophids. A reduced spongy parenchyma lie between upper and lower palisade.

3. Vascular System
The vascular bundles are situated in vein and in midrib region. In midrib, phloem is present on both sides of xylem. The vascular bundles are enclosed by a distinct bundle sheath, the cells of which contain starch.

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