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  Home >>Biology Dictionary >> Transplatation - Tropism


Transovarial.
Passing infection from one generation to another through the egg.

Transpiration stream. Flow of water through plant as a result of loss of water by transpiration. Diffusion pressure deficit (DPD) of cells of transpiring leaves cause osmotic withdrawal of water from xylem elements causing a tension (negative pressure) in water in xylem that exerts an upward pull (transpiration pull) through cohesion of water molecules.

Transplantation. (Zool.). Artificial removal of part of an organism from its normal position to another position in the same or a different organism. Parctically synonymous with grafting except that no close union with tissue of new position is implied necessarily.

Transverse process. Lateral projection, one on each side, of the neural arch of vertebra of tetrapod, with which head of rib articulates.

Trematoda. (Flukes). Class of Platyhelminthes. Parasites, with cuticle, two suckers, and forked gut. Usually complicated life cycle.

Triassic. Geological period, lasted approximately from 225 till 190 million years ago.

Tribe. Minor group used in classifying plants, used in large families for groups of closely related genera within the family. Name of tribe ends in – eal.

Trichotomous. Branching into three divisions or shoots.

Tricuspid valve. Valve between right auricle and right ventricle of mammalian heart, consisting of three membranous flaps.

Trigeminal nerve. Fifth cranial nerve of vertebrates. In mammals mainly sensory, innervating teeth and skin of face.

Trigonous. Having three prominent angles. A plant stem or ovary.

Triose. A monosaccharide that has three carbon atoms.

Triploblastic. Having the body made up of three layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm). As in all Metazoa except coelenterates, which are diploblastic.

Triploid. Having three times the haploid number of chromosomes in a nucleus. A from of polyploidy.

Trisected. Cut into three nearly separate parts.

Tritium. A radioactive isotope of hydrogen with an atomic mass of three (H3).

Trochanter.
(1) A prominence on the femur of vertebrates to which muscles are attached. There are three trochanters on each femur in mammals. The largest one in man is conspicuous bony prominence at the hip joint.
(2) One of the segments of an insect leg.

Trochlear Nerve. Fourth cranial nerve of vertebrates. Almost entirely motor, supplying eye-muscle.

Tropic. Of or relating to nutrition.

Tropism. The directional growth of a plant organ in response to an external stimulus, such as light, touch, or gravity. Growth towards the stimulus is a positive tropism; growth away from the stimulus is a negative tropism. See also geotropism; hydrotropism; orthoropism; phototropism; plagiotropism; thigmotropism. Compare nastic movements; taxis.

Tropo. Denoting a charge or a terming, as in a tropophyle.

Truncate. Terminating abruptly.

Trypsin. An enzyme that digests proteins (see protease). It is secreted in an inactive form (trypsinogen) by the pancreas into the duodenum. There, trypsinogen is acted on by an enzyme (enterokinase) produced in the duodenim to yield trypsin. The active enzyme plays an important role in the digestion of proteins in the anteiror portion of the small intestine.

Tuber. A swollen underground stem or root in certain plants. It enables the plant to survive the winter or dry season and is also a means of propagation. A stem tuber, such as the potato represents several nodes and internodes. The following season several new plants develop from the terminal and auxiliary buds (eyes). Root tubers, such as those of the dahlia, are modified food-storing adventitious roots and may also give rise to new plants.

 

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