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  Home >>Biology Dictionary >> Immunity - Impulse

I AA. Indole-3-acetic acid. Most known growth-regulating hormone in plants.

I-Band (I Disc). One of the two kinds of band visible under certain conditions in a striated muscle fibre; the alternation of the two kinds produces the cross striations of striped muscle. The other kind is the A-band. The I-(inosotropic) band differs from the A-band in containing no myosin, only actin.

Identification. The determination of the taxonomic identity of an individual.

Idioblast. A cell distinct from others in the same tissue.

Idiogram. A diagrammatic representation of a karyotype.

Ileum. That part of small intestine of mammals preceding the large intestine.

Ilium. Dorsal part of hip girdle, which in tetrapods is jointed to one or more sacral vertebrae so giving stability to attachment of hind-limbs.

Imago.  An adult sexually mature insect.

Imbricate. (Of leaves, petals, etc.), overlapping at their edges like roof tiles.

Immigration. The movement of organisms into a specific area.

Immunity.
The state of relative insusceptibility of an animal to infection by disease producing organisms or to the harmful effects of their poisons (toxins). Immunity depends on the presence in the blood of antibodies and white blood cells (lymphocytes), which produce an immune response. Inherited (natural) immunity is that with which an individual is born.

Acquired immunity is of two kinds: active immunity arises when the body produces antibodies against an invading foreign substances (antigen), either through infection or immunization; passive immunity is induced by injection of serum taken from an individual already immune to a particular antigen. Active immunity tends to be long-lasting; passive immunity has a short life.

Immunological tolerance.  The failure to respond to a potential antigen.

Impedance. Any resistance to the flow of fluids moved by a series of pluses, such as blood flow.

Impressed. Sunk below surface level.

Imprinting.
Development in an animal during an early, sensitive period, of the tendency to follow or otherwise approach an object (commonly a parent).

Impulse. (nerve impulse). The signal that travels along the length of a nerve fibre and is the means by which information is transmitted through the nervous system. It is marked by the flow of ions across the membrane of the axon caused by changes in the permeability of the membrane, producing a reduction in potential difference that can be detected as the action potential difference that can be detected as the action in potential. The strength of the impulse produced in any nerve fibre is constant.

Inbreeding. Reproducing by the mating closely-related individuals as opposed to Outbreeding by the mating of less related individuals.

Inbreeding depression. A reduction inviability resulting from increased homozygosity  through Inbreeding.

Incisor. Chisel-shaped tooth in front mouth of mammals Primitively three on each side of upper and lower jaws. Gnawing teeth on rodents which continually grow in length and tusks of elephants are modified incisors.

Inclusion. A particle or structure contained within a cell or organ.

Incompatibility.
(1) In flowering plants, failure to ser seed (i.e. of fertilization and subsequent development of embryo) after pollination (self or cross0 has taken place. Due to inability of pollen tubes to grow down style. In physiologically heterothallic fungi, failure to reproduce sexually in single or paired cultures.
In both cases the incompatibility is genetically determined-it is due to the possession by the individual plant or thalli of genes which prevent the fusion of likes; and the resultant is the same, namely, to promote outerbreeding.
(2) In horticulture, inability of scion to make a successful union with stock.

 

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