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Home >> Dictionary of Bioinformatics, Biochemistry, Biotechnology >>Kronberg Roger

Kornberg, Arthur (b. 1918) The scientist who isolated and characterised DNA polymerase I of E.coli that plays an important role in DNA replication. He was awarded the Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959.

Kornberg enzyme DNA polymerase I discovered by Arthur Kornberg.

Kornberg, Roger (b.1947) An American biochemist and structural biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2006 for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription.

Krabbe galactosylceramide lipidosis An infantile lipid storage disease characterised by deficiency of galactosylceramide β-galactosidase. Neurological deterioration and death occur within 1-2 years of onset. Globoid cells are stored in the brain. Only the infantile form has been recognised.

Krebs, Hans
(1900-1981) The scientist who made seminal contributions in understanding intermediary metabolism and particularly the discovery of the citric cycle. He was awarded the Noble Prize in 1953.

Krebs cycle See citric cycle.

KRPs (kinesin-related proteins) A class of proteins related to kinesin that are involved in the movement of cytosolic structures along microtubules, spindle assembly and chromosome segregation during mitiosis.

Kruppel gene A homeobox gap gene identified in Drosophila melanogaster. Abdominal segments are deleted from the larvae of Kruppel gene mutants.

Ku A protein involved in double-strand break repair. Ku is a heterodimer of 70 and 86 kDs subunits and has helicase activity. Both Ku and DNA-PK bind to free DNA ends, approximate the two strands and unwind. Them. This is followed by gap filling and ligation.

Kupffer cells Phagocytic cells in the liver that form part of the reticuloendothelial system.


Kuru
A well known prion disease confined to foretribes of Papua New Guinea. It is associated with cannibalism. See prion diseases.

Kussmaul respiration A deep sighing breathing with acetone odour in the breath, a characteristic feature of diabetic ketoacidosis.

Kwashiorkor
A form of PEM, which occurs in preschool children fed diets rich in carbohydrate and poor in protein. The weight of the child is 60-80 per cent of the expected weight for the age and oedema is present. The extent of protein deficiency outweighs the caloric deprivation.

Kynureninase An enzyme that catalyses conversion of 5-hydroxykynurenine to 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid during the biosynthesis of niacin from tryptophan using pyridoxal phosphate as a coenzyme.

Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) See KEGG.

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