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Home >> Dictionary of Bioinformatics, Biochemistry, Biotechnology >> Isotope Coded Infinity Tag (ICAT)

Isothermal
Occuring at constant temperature.

Isotonic: isoosmotic
Solutions that have the same osmotic potential; the same molar concentration.

Isotope Coded Infinity Tag (ICAT)
Tags that provide the ability to both identify and quantify a broad range of proteins in a high-throughput manner. This allows comparison of the expression levels of proteins from two samples, such as from normal and diseased cells. ICAT reagents include a protein reactive group, an affinity tag (biotin), and an isotopically labelled linker.

Isotopes
Stable or radioactive forms of an element which are chemically identical to the natural form of the element but differ in atomic weight. These are used as tracers.

Isotype
A group of closely related immunoglobulin chains.

Isotype switch
The shift of a B cell or its progeny from the secretion of antibody of one isotype to another containing a different heavy-chain constant region. See isotypes.

Isotypes
Classes of antibody that differ in the constant region of their heavy chain (Fc portion). These can be distinguished on the basis of reaction with antisera raised in another species.

Isovaleric acidaemia
A condition characterised by a deficiency of isovaleryl CoA dehydrogenase resulting in the accumulation of isovaleryl CoA in plasma and consequent excretion in the urine and sweat. The clinical manifestations include persistent “cheesy” odour of the breath and body fluids, vomiting, acidosis and coma.

Iteration
A series of steps in an algorithm whereby the processing of data is performed repetitively until the result exceeds a particular threshold. Iteration is used in multiple sequence alignment s in which each set of pairwise alignments are compared with every other, starting with the most similar pairs and progressing to the least similar, until there are no longer any sequence-pairs remaining to be aligned.

Iterative
A sequence of operations performed repeatedly.

Iterative search A search procedure that is repeated with increasing sensitivity in each round. Fore example, all the significant hits from an initial BLAST search may be taken and each of them can be used as a query for a new round of BLAST searches.

Iterons Tandemly repeated elements.

IVEP See in vitro embryo production.

IVET In vivo expression technology. A method of identifying bacterial genes expressed during infection rather than during growth in the laboratory.

IVF See in vitro fertilization.

IVM See in vitro maturation.

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