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Home >> Dictionary of Bioinformatics, Biochemistry, Biotechnology >> Complementation Analysis Test - Computes Tomography CT or CAT Scan
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Complementary strand
A nucleic acid strand that can base pair with another strand of DNA or RNA.
Complementation
Restoration of the wild type by introducing a second DNA molecule without recombination. For example, lacZ+ gene on a plasmid can complement a mutant lacZ- gene by enabling the synthesis of β-galactosidase. See genetic complementation.
Complementation analysis (test)
The gene product is tested for its ability to compensate for a mutation in a homologous gene in the same cell. Successful complementation restores the wild type. The basis complementation analysis is the cis-trans test. See cis-trans test.
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Complementation test
See cis-trans test.
Complete digest
Cleavage of DNA sample by a restriction endonuclease for sufficient time for all of the potential target sites within that DNA to have been cleaved.
Complete medium
A culture medium which supplies all the nutrients required for growth such as amino acids, vitamins and bases.
Complete transduction
Incorporation of the transduced chromosomal DNA into the recipient bacterial genome by homologous recombination.
Complex lipids
Esters of fatty acids containing fatty acid alcohol and additional groups. These include phospholipids, sphingolipids, Glycolipids, sulpholipids, aminolipids and lipoproteins.
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Complex mutations (multisite mutation)
A cluster of several distinct point mutations.
Complex trait
A trait that has a genetic component that does not follow Mendelian inheritance and may involve the interaction of two more genes or gene-environment interactions.
Complex transposons
These range in length from 2000-20 000 bp and contain a central region flanked by insertion sequences that retain the corresponding inverted repeats. The central region contains genes that encode transposase and resolvase. These transposons also contain one or more genes in addition to those required for transposition. Some complex transposons carry genes that confer resistance to the antibiotic penicillin.
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Complicated lesions
Fibrous atherosclerotic plaques that have undergone calcification with varying degrees of necrosis, thrombosis and ulceration. The arterial wall weakens with increasing necrosis and accumulation of gruel. As a result, the intima can rupture with consequent haemorrhage, occlusion, stenosis and impairment of organ functions.
Composite database
A database that combines a number of primary sources using a set of defined that determine the priority of inclusion of the different sources and the level of redundancy retained. For example, NRDB is a nonidentical composite protein sequence database and OWL is a non-redundant composite.
Composite transposons
Transposons that have a central region flanked on either side by insertion sequences that may enable he element to transpose.
Compost
A mixture of decaying, organic material that is used as a fertiliser to rejuvenate the soil.
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Compound Chromosome
A chromosome that is formed by the union of two different chromosomes, as in attached-X chromosomes or attached-X-Y chromosomes.
Compounds lipids
Esters of fatty acids containing groups in addition to an alcohol and fatty acid. These include phospholipids, cerebrosides, sulpholipids and amino lipids.
Compression
Making a computer file smaller in order to decrease th transfer time over a network. See archive, Zip, gz.
Compressors
Devices used to reduce the number of bits but the data in order to reduce redundant data.
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Computational biochemistry
The branch of cellular bioinformatics that focuses on understanding on the basis of all the known experimental data.
Complexity
1. The total length of different DNA sequence compounds in a given preparation. 2. In bioinformatics, the number of steps required by an algorithm to solve a problem as a function of the amount of data such as he length of one sequences to be aligned.
Complementation Group
A series of mutations unable to complement when tested in pairwise combinations in trans.
Computational biology
A subdiscipline within bioinformatics that is concerned with computation-based research to understand basic biological process. It includes the development and application of data. analytical and theoretical methods, mathematical modelling and computational simulation techniques to the study of biological, behavioral, and social systems.
Computational chemistry
The use of computers to predict or analyse the properties of molecules. his involves using the known properties of chemical to calculate the properties of chemicals similar. Application of computational of the amino acid sequence and modelling how a small molecule will bind to a small one (docking).
Computational proteomics
Large-scale generation and analysis of 3D and 4D protein structural information and the application of structural knowledge across all life science disciplines.
Computational RNomics
A suite of bioinformatics methods specifically geared toward detecting, verifying, and classifying functional RNAs. It provides improved algorithms for RNA secondary structure prediction, improved alignment algorithms for nucleic acid sequences, novel approaches to compare and align RNA structures and extensions of existing RNA algorithms to deal with genome-size data sets, and a database system specifically designed for RNA structures.
Computed tomography (CT or CAT scan)
A non-invasive procedure that takes cross-sectional images of the brain or other internal organs to detect abnormalities that may not be visible on an ordinary X-ray.
Concanavalin (conA)
A lectin isolates from the Jack bean (Canavalia eusiformis) that binds to α-glucosyl and α-mannosyl residues. It is used to purify glycoproteins by affinity chromatography, to agglutinate cells by crosslinking glycoproteins at the cell surface, and to induce resting lymphocytes to divide.
Concatamer
A series of the same DNA molecule joined together in tandem viacohesive ends, forming a dimer, trimer or multimer.
Concentration test
A test for renal tubular function. The ability of the kidney to form concentrated urine in response to water deprivation depends on the normal functioning tubular tissue. Determination of specific gravity of urine following overnight water deprivation is a reliable method for testing the concentrating ability of the kidney.
The test depends on the posterior pituitary response to water deprivation and on the renal tubular response to ADH. It is useful in the differential diagnosis of psychogenic polydipsia and diabetes insipidus. The patient is deprived of fluid after breakfast one day prior to the test. Food is however, permitted. On the morning of the test, the patient empties the bladder completely and the urine is collected.
Urine samples are collected at 60 and 120 minutes. A maximum specific gravity of less than 1.022 in any of the three samples indicates impaired renal function. Although the test is simple and sensitive, it is unpleasant for the patient and the ADH test is preferred.
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