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Home >> Dictionary of Bioinformatics, Biochemistry, Biotechnology >> Avidin Biotin Mediated - Immunoassay

Avidin – biotin mediated immunoassay An immunological technique in which biotinylated antibodies react with antigen followed by addition of avidin linked to a receptor. Assay of antigen is achieved either by labelled Avidin-biotin system or the bridged Avidin-biotin system.

Avidity The total binding strength of a polyvalent antibody with a polyvalent antigen.

Avirulent
Unable to cause disease.

Avogadro’s number (N) The number of molecules in a gram molecular weight (mole) of any compound. The Avogadro number is 6.02 x 1023.

Avuncular relationship The genetic relationship between nieces and nephews and their aunts and uncles.

Axenic culture Pure culture or the growth of a single organism. Axis of symmetry A structure possessing this axis, when rotated by an angle of 2π/n gives rise to another identical structure.

Axis polarity The orientation of the body in space. This depends on the three axes anterior/posterior, dorsa/ventral, and medial/ lateral. During embryonic development, the axis formation genes establish embryonic body axis and the axis polarity genes control anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral body orientation.

Axon A long nerve cell process that conducts nerve impulses.

Axonal transport Directed transport of molecules and organelles along the axon of a nerve cell. It may be outward from the cell body (anterograde)or toward the cell body (retrograde).

Axoneme A bundle of microtubules and associated proteins in a cilium or flagellum of a eukaryotic cell that is responsible for their movements.

Azidothymidine (AZT, 3’ azido-3’-deoxythymidine) A derivative of the normal deoxribonucleoside thymidine, in which an azide group is attached to the deoxyribose in the 3’-position. It is an antiviral antibiotic used for the treatment of HIV infection. It inhibits viral replication by inhibiting reverse transcriptase.

Azotaemia Excess concentration of nitrogenous end products of protein metabolism such as urea in the blood; synonymous with uraemia.

Azotobacter A genus of free-living microorganisms capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen and synthesizing  nitrogen-containing compounds.

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