Translocated Herbicide - A herbicide with when absorbed by a plant via the leaves (following foliar spraying) or via the roots (after application to the soil) moves in. the sap to all parts of the plant, eventually killing it, e.g., 2,4-D. Translocated herbicides are systemic compounds.

Transplanter - A tractor-drawn machine used mainly for transplanting Brassica crops. Various designs exist. In the simple hand-fed machine the operator is seated close to the ground and places the plants into a furrow opened by the planter. The soil is firmed around the roots by a. pair of following, inclined press wheels. An assistant is sometimes required to prepare and hand plants to the operator from a supply tray fitted to the machine. In other types the plants may be conveyed to the furrow in fingers on a continuous conveyor belt, or in other 'feeding' devices.

Transplanting - Act of moving the plant from one place to another with the object of growing it permanently at the new location.

Transported Soil - A soil comprised of material carried from elsewhere (eg., by wind, water, ice, gravity, etc.) and deposited such as alluvium, colluvium, etc.

Trap Nest - A type of nesting box which a hen or duck can enter via a trap door but cannot leave until released. Such devices are used to record the number and size of eggs laid, to assist in selecting hens for breeding.

Tree Fruit - Fruit which grows on a tree (e.g, apples, pears, cherries, etc.) as distinct from those growing on bushes, canes or low-growing plants.

Trefoil - An annual leguminous plant (Medicago lupulina), with trifoliate leaves, small yellow flowers and twisted, black pods. Abundant on lime-rich soils. It is usefully for short-term leys and for catch crops and produces a early bite for sheep on chalk land.

Trenching - A method of deep digging in which adjacent trenches are dug two spits deep, with the top spit being turned into the bottom of the last (adjacent) trench dug, and the bottom spit being turned on top. Soil layers are reversed, as opposed to being replaced in their natural order as in bastard trenching.

Trench Layering - An asexual reproductive process of plant propagation involving laying down the whole stem. The new shoots are thus forced to push their way through a layer of soil which prevents the bark from colouring and favours quick root formation.

Tribunal - Agricultural land tribunal.

Trichinosis - A disease of pigs and other animals, including man, in which muscles become infected with the larvae of the small roundworm Trichinella spiralis Pigs are usually infected after eating infected raw swill.

Trichomonas - A genus of protozoa, T. foetus which infects the genital passages of cows, causing abortion, pus formation, and sometimes sterility.

Trifolium - The genus of clover. Particularly applied to Crimson Clover, Trifolium incarnatum, a tall, erect ,annual plant with crimson flowers. It is frost-sensitive and cultivated mainly as a catch crop. It is sown in lightly harrowed com stubble and sheep are grazed on it in late April and May in the following year, early, medium and late strains are available, which can be grazed in sequence.

Tri-Iobobenzoic Acid (TIBA) - Compound used to cause fruit set under otherwise adverse conditions.

Trotter - The food of a pig or sheep.

Trough Room - The amount of space required by each animal in a group feeding from a trough.

Truck Crops - Crops which yield in tons and grown for distant market requiring heavy transport.

Truck Gardening - Growing of crops like potato, onion and cabbage etc. on large scale for distant market.

True Protein - An assessment of the actual protein content of an animal feedingstuff derived by subtracting the non-protein nitrogen from the total nitrogen content. Roots and silage contain significant amount of non-protein nitrogen.

Truss - 1. A bundle of hay or straw.
2. A cluster of fruit or flowers, e.g., tomatoes.
3. To prepare a bird for cooking after killing and plucking, by removing the head and viscera, and tying or skewering.

Trusser - A mechanism sometimes fitted to the back of a combine harvester which trusses the straw leaving the combine into bundles. It avoids the need to subsequently use a baler on the straw deposited on the field. Also called a buncher or straw press.

T-Sums - A system, of dutch origin, which purports to indicate the best time to apply nitrogen to make the best use of grassland. It involves accumulating the daily average of maximum and minimum air temperature (ºC) from 1st January until the total reaches 200, at which point application is carried out. Positive temperatures are added cumulatively whilst negative ones are ignored. The date at which T-Sum 200 is reached varies in different parts of the country.

Tuber - A swollen underground stem (stem tuber) bearing buds in the axils of rudimentary leaves or scales, e.g., potato. Also a swollen root (root tuber), e.g. dahlia. Tubers are organs of vegetative reproduction and contain stored food, e.g., in the form of starch in the potato.

Tuberculin - A liquid preparation desrived from a culture of tubercle bacilli, containing tuberculo-protein, injected into the skin of animals of determine if animals are infected with tuberculosis (the Intradermal Comparative Test). Infected animals react by producing a swelling at the site of injection.

Tuberculosis - A contagious disease of many animals including man and all domesticated animals, particularly cattle and pigs, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Characteristic tubercles or nodular swellings develop in one or more of the organs of the body and degenerate, becoming cheesy, so that affected organs are destroyed. T.B. of the lungs is the most common and is usually associated with coughing (chronic in cattle) and loss of condition

Tumbrill - A tip-cart used for carrying dung.

Tump - A hillock or mound. Also a clump.

Tunnel Drying - A method of drying bales of hay built into a stack with a central tunnel blocked at one end, so that air blown into it with a fan is forced up through the stack. The strack can be constructed in the field or more usually under a dutch barn when it is also called barn hay drying.

Turbidity Test - A statutory test which must pass before it can be sold for public consumption as sterilised milk. The principle of the test is that when milk is boiled all the albumen in it is precipitated. It involves the addition of ammonium sulphate to precipitate other substances, e.g, casein, which are then filtered out. The filtrate is heated and any albumen in the milk is revealed by turbidity. If the milk had been adequately sterilised (by heating to in excess of 100°C) then the albumen would all have been previously precipitated, and the test would reveal no turbidity.

Turkey - A large poultry bird of the pheasant family native to North America several varieties of which are kept for their meat. Nowadays the main producers are specialists keeping large numbers of birds, although some small-scale producers still keep turkeys, themselves undertaking the killing plucking and dressing of ovenready birds (mainly at Christmas).

Turkey Grower - A turkey between 8 and 26 weeks of age.

Turkey Lion - A female turkey older than 26 weeks. (Turkey Grower).

Turkey Cock - An adult male turkey older than 26 weks. Also called turkey stag, or tom.

Turn - A term used of a female animal which comes on heat again after being mated. Also called return.

Turn Up - To lift a sheep so that it sits on its rump to facilitate shearing, veterinary treatment, etc.

Typhus - Acute contageous disease of animals which is characterized by high temperature and great prostration.

Twinter - A two-year old sheep or other animal.

Two-crop Ewe - A ewe that has borne two crops of lambs.

Two-tooth Sheep- Sheep of about 12-15 months of age.