Boy's Land' - A colloquial term for Light
Soil, easily cultivated, as distinct from man's land.

Brace - A pair of dead (shot) Game birds. Bracken. A tall fern (Pteridium aquiliunum), also called Brake Fern. It is common on hillsides, heaths, moors and in woods, where burning or overgrazing allows it to establish itself extensively excluding heather or grasses.

Braird - The first sprouting shoots of com or other crop. Also called breer or brere.

Brahman - Indian or Zebu cattle characterised by loose skin on the throat and dewlap, with well developed seat pores, a muscular hump over the neck and shoulders, and large drooping ears. Commonly steel-grey in colour, but variations from black to white are found, and some red strains. They are long-lived cattle, tolernt of high temperatures, and resistant to insects and various tropical diseases.

Brake -1. A harrow. 2. A frameworkd in which a restless horse is confined during shoeing. 3. A light carriage for breaking a horse to harness. 4. Brushwood or thicket. 5. An implement for crushing or braking flax or hemp. Also cattle a tlax brake. 6. A scissor like tool for stripping willow bark for basket-making. Brake Harrow. A heavy harrow for breaking up clods.

Braky - Full of bra ken or brake, or rough and thomy.

Bramley - A well known variety of apple.

Bran - Thus husks of ground com separated from the flour by bolting.

A palatable feedingstuff with a useful protein and fibre content, especially for cattle and poultry. It is often f d to sows prior to farrowing and, as bran mash, is given to sick animals with no appetite. Also used in making brown bread.

Brand - 1. A mark bumed onto an animal's hide for identification purposes by means of a hot branding iron. 2. General tenn for Blights or fungal diseases of grain crops.Branding Equipment - An equipment which is used for marking of

cattle, horses and sheep.

Brash - 1. Loose disintegrated rock and rubble, or a soil containing many stone chippings or rock fragments. 2. Pruned branches of conifers.

Brashing - The pruning of the lower branches of young conifers between 15 and 20 years old up to a height of about 5 fit to allow
better access into a plantation.

Brassica - The generic name for cabbage, and its related plants including caulitlower, broccoli, kale, savoy, Brussels sprouts, and for tumip and swede.

Bratting - A now obsolete method for protecting sheep during severe weather by use of a 'brat' or cloth tied round the body.

Bray - Raucous outery of the donkey and mule.

Bray's Nutrient Mobility Concept - According to this, as the mobility of a nutrient in the soil diseases, the amount of that nutrient required in the soil to produce a maximum yield (the soil nutrient requirement) increases from a variable net value. It is deter­mined by the magnitude of the yield and the optimum percent­age composition of the crop, to an amount whose value tend to be a constant. According to Bray: log (A-Y)=log A-C1b-CX Where Y represents the yield obtained when X units of a plant nutrient are added to a soil having b units of the same immobile but available from a nutrient.

Brawn - 1. A Boar 2. A meat preparation from cut, boiled and pickled pig's head and ox-feet.

Brawner - A male pig castrated after serving the sows. Also called a stage.

Braxy - A bacterial disease of sheep causing severe inflammation of the stomach, dizziness, exhaustion and loss of appetite. Sometimes induced by indigestion caused by eating frosted herbage.

Braxy Mutton - Meat from a sheep that has died to braxy. Also a general term for meat from a sheep having died of disease or accident.

Braxy Pasture - Grassland infected with Clostridium septique. (Braxy)

Breadcorn - Corn, from the flour of which bread is made.

Break - 1. To tame or train a horse to wear a saddle or for draught work.

2. A change of crop in a rotation programme. Thus an arable break could be com grown for several years in a field following usually a root crop and to be succeeded by perhaps a ley. 3. To cut up an animal's body.

Breakaway - A stampeding animal.

Breaking Ground - Ploughing uncultivated or fallow land.

Breast - The Mouldboard of a plough.

Breast Plough - An ancient but simple plough, spade-like, with a long shaft and cross bar which was pressed against the chest. Used for paring turf.

Breeching - A strong leather strap on a harness passed round a horse's haunches, attached to the saddle and the shafts of a cart, allowing the horse to reverse the cart.

Breed - 1. To reproduce (both animals and plants). 2. To promote the reproduction of animals and plants, often under control, in order to select certain characteristics for transmission to offspring. (Bloodline, Cross-Breeding, Plant Breeding). 3. A strain, race, variety, stock or kind of plant or animal. Mostly the result of a continuous cycle of hybridisation followed by inbreeding of an isolated pocket of plants or animals.

Breed Count - Microscopic method of counting bacteria in a dried, stained film of milk.

Breed in, Breed out - To introduce or remove a characteristic from an animal breed or plant variety by continuous breeding of those individuals lacking or having the characteristic, respectively, until it becomes fixed in or is lost from the breed or variety. (In Breeding, Character).

Breeding Crate - An apparatus designed to take the weight of bull which is too heavy for the heifer or cow with which is to be mated. Also called a service pen or service crate.

Breeding Stock - Farm animals selected for producing offspring, as opposed to being fattened for slaughter, etc., in order to maintain or increase the size and quality of a herd of flock.

Brewers' Grains - The residue of barley after being used in brewing beer, consisting mainly of protein and fibre, used in either wet or dried as an animal feedingstuff. Also called Draff.

Bridge Grafting - Refers to a form of repair grafting for plants whose root system is damaged but bark of the trunk is injured. Trees of some species, like the cherry, and pecan can heal over extensively injured areas by the development of callus tissue.

Bridle - An apparatus fitted to a horse's head to control it, including the bit and reins.

Brim. 1 - A sow on heat. 2. To put a boar to a sow for mating.

Bring Off - To hatch out eggs.

Brisket - The breast of an animal. The term is used for the cut of meat from next to the ribs.

Birtch - The thigh and twist part of a sheep, and also the wool from it which is coarse and of low quality.

Brittle Hoofs - Refer to an abnormally dry state of the horn. The hoofs tend to become almost of the consistency of stone, chip and crack easily, cause contracted heels, and lead to difficulties in shoeing. Long-continued dryness or stabling on dry, hard floors has been conductive to the trouble.

Brix - Refers to the percentage of total solids in sugarcane juice. It is read off from brixometer ; range from 18 to 22 ; 15 in juice of young and immature cane.

Brix Saccharometer - An instrument which is used for measuring the degree and gives the direct reading of the total solids dissolved in the juice. It has been found to vary from 22 to 225 depending on the variety.

Brixometer - Special hydrometer which is calibrated to read off directly the quantity of total solids in sugarcane juice.

Broadcast - Means sow or scatter seed on the surface of the land by hand or by machinery.

Broadcast Fertilizer Distributor A machine which broadcasts fertilizer. Various distributive mechanisms exist including spinning discs, revolving fingers, rollers, brushes and chains etc.

Broadcaster - A machine for sowing seeds, mainly grass and clove consisting usually of a hopper supplying seed to one or more revolving brushes by which it is scattered (Fiddle).

Broadleaf - 1. A term applied to non-coniferous trees, almost cotermi­nous with deciduous. Leaves are usually broad, flat and then, as opposed to linear needles, and veins are networked as opposed to parallel. Broadleaf trees or hardwoods which are slower growing than Conifers and produce compact hard wood, take longer to provide a profit when grown commercially. They are suited best to lower hill slopes and deep fertile lowland soils. 2. A term applied to dicotyledonous plants, usually weeds, e.g., dock, Fat Hen, e c.

Brocket - 1. A stag in its second year with its first horns, unbranched and dagger-like. 2. Mottled.

Broiler - Immature chicken of 8 to 12 weeks. Usually young male weighing from 3/4 to 2-1/2 lb, sufficiently tender to be broiled.

Broken Furrow - A type of furrow slice turned by a Digger plough, rough and broken, as opposed to the smooth continuous furow left by a Lea Plough.

Broken Horse - A horse trained to the saddle or Bridle.

Broken-mouthed - A descriptive term of an old sheep which is unable to deal with it food requirement due to loss of some teeth.

Broken-winded - Having short breath or defective respiratory organs and thus incapable of hard wark. Particularly applied to horses.

Broken Work - Ploughing which leaves the furrows broken. Also called broken rib work. (Broken Furrow, Whole work).

Brome Grass - A large genus (Bromus) of long awned grasses strongly resembling oats, but more flowery, mostly unimportant as fodder and generally regarded as weeds in Britain and becoming increasingly troublesome.